Abstract: A system for verifying authenticity of precious metal coins and bars includes a sensor system defining a sample region configured to receive a precious metal coin or bar therein; a sample support; and a data processor configured to communicate with the sensor system so as to receive a detection signal therefrom and to provide an output signal. The system includes a data storage device and an output display. The sensor system detects a bulk electrical property of the coin or bar. The data processor processes the detection signal and retrieves a stored physical property from the data storage device to provide an output signal that includes at least a measured value of the bulk electrical property and a corresponding range of expected values. The output display uses the output signal to display information for a user to be able to make an authenticity verification of the coin or bar.

Abstract: A system for verifying authenticity of precious metal coins and bars includes a sensor system defining a sample region configured to receive a precious metal coin or bar therein; a sample support; and a data processor configured to communicate with the sensor system so as to receive a detection signal therefrom and to provide an output signal. The system includes a data storage device and an output display. The sensor system detects a bulk electrical property of the coin or bar. The data processor processes the detection signal and retrieves a stored physical property from the data storage device to provide an output signal that includes at least a measured value of the bulk electrical property and a corresponding range of expected values. The output display uses the output signal to display information for a user to be able to make an authenticity verification of the coin or bar.

Abstract: A system for verifying authenticity of precious metal coins and bars includes a sensor system defining a sample region configured to receive a precious metal coin or bar therein; a sample support; and a data processor configured to communicate with the sensor system so as to receive a detection signal therefrom and to provide an output signal. The system includes a data storage device and an output display. The sensor system detects a bulk electrical property of the coin or bar. The data processor processes the detection signal and retrieves a stored physical property from the data storage device to provide an output signal that includes at least a measured value of the bulk electrical property and a corresponding range of expected values. The output display uses the output signal to display information for a user to be able to make an authenticity verification of the coin or bar.

Abstract: A system for verifying authenticity of precious metal coins and bars includes a sensor system defining a sample region configured to receive a precious metal coin or bar therein; a sample support; and a data processor configured to communicate with the sensor system so as to receive a detection signal therefrom and to provide an output signal. The system includes a data storage device and an output display. The sensor system detects a bulk electrical property of the coin or bar. The data processor processes the detection signal and retrieves a stored physical property from the data storage device to provide an output signal that includes at least a measured value of the bulk electrical property and a corresponding range of expected values. The output display uses the output signal to display information for a user to be able to make an authenticity verification of the coin or bar.

Abstract: An electronic ballasts for a gas discharge lamp. The ballast includes a variable frequency power generator, a tuned driver network, and a valley correction modulation system. The driver network has a first resonant frequency when the lamp is off and a second resonant frequency when the lamp is on. The power generator switches a rectified AC power line signal at a starting lamp frequency corresponding to the first resonant frequency for starting the lamp and at an operating lamp frequency corresponding to the second resonant frequency for operating the lamp. The valley correction modulation system compensates for the cyclic low voltages of the AC power line voltage cycle by adjusting the operating lamp frequency to be closer to the second resonant frequency.

Abstract: An electronic ballasts for a gas discharge lamp. The ballast includes a variable frequency power generator, a tuned driver network, and a valley correction modulation system. The driver network has a first resonant frequency when the lamp is off and a second resonant frequency when the lamp is on. The power generator switches a rectified AC power line signal at a starting lamp frequency corresponding to the first resonant frequency for starting the lamp and at an operating lamp frequency corresponding to the second resonant frequency for operating the lamp. The valley correction modulation system compensates for the cyclic low voltages of the AC power line voltage cycle by adjusting the operating lamp frequency to be closer to the second resonant frequency.

Abstract: An electronic ballasts for a gas discharge lamp. The ballast includes a variable frequency power generator, a tuned driver network, and a valley correction modulation system. The driver network has a first resonant frequency when the lamp is off and a second resonant frequency when the lamp is on. The power generator switches a rectified AC power line signal at a starting lamp frequency corresponding to the first resonant frequency for starting the lamp and at an operating lamp frequency corresponding to the second resonant frequency for operating the lamp. The valley correction modulation system compensates for the cyclic low voltages of the AC power line voltage cycle by adjusting the operating lamp frequency to be closer to the second resonant frequency.