Abstract: A method for dynamically managing an energy system includes determining a production plan by determining a first stochastic system dynamic program (SSDP) based on a state of and a forecasted energy demand in the energy system, determining a second SSDP by relaxing the first SSDP, decomposing the second SSDP into energy unit-specific SSDPs, applying the unit-specific SSDPs with a price model to define a bound on the first SSDP, and determining a forward-looking dynamic economic dispatch plan based on the second SSDP by identifying actions for the energy units corresponding to reachable production levels, applying current unit-specific states and the identified actions to the production plan to generate an updated production plan including unit-specific actions and expected continuation values based on the second SSDP that modify subsequent actions, and dispatching the identified unit-specific actions to the energy system.

Abstract: A method for dynamically managing an energy system includes determining a production plan by determining a first stochastic system dynamic program (SSDP) based on a state of and a forecasted energy demand in the energy system, determining a second SSDP by relaxing the first SSDP, decomposing the second SSDP into energy unit-specific SSDPs, applying the unit-specific SSDPs with a price model to define a bound on the first SSDP, and determining a forward-looking dynamic economic dispatch plan based on the second SSDP by identifying actions for the energy units corresponding to reachable production levels, applying current unit-specific states and the identified actions to the production plan to generate an updated production plan including unit-specific actions and expected continuation values based on the second SSDP that modify subsequent actions, and dispatching the identified unit-specific actions to the energy system.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment device includes a housing having a wall. The wall of the housing defines an interior chamber. A substrate is supported by the housing within the interior chamber of the housing. The substrate extends along a longitudinal axis. The substrate includes a flow through structure that allows the flow of exhaust gas to flow through the substrate. The substrate includes a catalytic composition disposed thereon for reacting with the flow of exhaust gas. The substrate includes a cavity, extending along a cavity axis, which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the substrate. A sensor is attached to the housing. The sensor includes a probe that at least partially extends into the cavity of the substrate, for sensing a gaseous component in the flow of exhaust gas. The cavity mixes the flow of exhaust gas and directs the exhaust gas toward the probe of the sensor.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing an Oxidation Catalyst (OC) device of an exhaust gas treatment system is provided. The method monitors a differential temperature across the OC device. The method determines whether the differential temperature reveals a temperature spike. The method determines that the OC device operates properly in response to determining that the differential temperature reveals a temperature spike.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment device includes a housing having a wall. The wall of the housing defines an interior chamber. A substrate is supported by the housing within the interior chamber of the housing. The substrate extends along a longitudinal axis. The substrate includes a flow through structure that allows the flow of exhaust gas to flow through the substrate. The substrate includes a catalytic composition disposed thereon for reacting with the flow of exhaust gas. The substrate includes a cavity, extending along a cavity axis, which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the substrate. A sensor is attached to the housing. The sensor includes a probe that at least partially extends into the cavity of the substrate, for sensing a gaseous component in the flow of exhaust gas. The cavity mixes the flow of exhaust gas and directs the exhaust gas toward the probe of the sensor.

Abstract: A method for removing NOX from an oxygen-rich exhaust flow produced by a combustion source that is combusting a lean mixture of air and fuel may include passing the oxygen-rich exhaust flow through an exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a NOX oxidation catalyst that includes perovskite oxide particles, a NOX storage catalyst, and a NOX reduction catalyst.

Abstract: An integrated sensor-catalyst is disclosed for an after-treatment (AT) system used to filter an exhaust gas flow emitted by an internal combustion engine. The integrated sensor-catalyst includes a sensor element configured to detect a parameter of the exhaust gas flow. The integrated sensor-catalyst also includes a micro-catalyst element configured to filter a pollutant from the exhaust gas flow. Additionally, the integrated sensor-catalyst includes a housing configured to hold the sensor element and the micro-catalyst element and fix the micro-catalyst element relative to the sensor element such that the micro-catalyst element is arranged and maintained in the exhaust gas flow upstream of the sensor element. A vehicle including such an AT system with the integrated sensor-catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: An integrated sensor-catalyst is disclosed for an after-treatment (AT) system used to filter an exhaust gas flow emitted by an internal combustion engine. The integrated sensor-catalyst includes a sensor element configured to detect a parameter of the exhaust gas flow. The integrated sensor-catalyst also includes a micro-catalyst element configured to filter a pollutant from the exhaust gas flow. Additionally, the integrated sensor-catalyst includes a housing configured to hold the sensor element and the micro-catalyst element and fix the micro-catalyst element relative to the sensor element such that the micro-catalyst element is arranged and maintained in the exhaust gas flow upstream of the sensor element. A vehicle including such an AT system with the integrated sensor-catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing an Oxidation Catalyst (OC) device of an exhaust gas treatment system is provided. The method monitors a differential temperature across the OC device. The method determines whether the differential temperature reveals a temperature spike. The method determines that the OC device operates properly in response to determining that the differential temperature reveals a temperature spike.

Abstract: A tool for tightening a coupling nut includes: a hollow shaft having a length, an outer diameter, and a thickness, the hollow shaft including a longitudinal gap extending between a first end and a second end of the shaft, the shaft being formed of a resilient material; and a plurality of faces located on an inner diameter of the shaft adjacent one of the ends, the faces arranged to receive a coupling nut. The dimensions and material are selected so that, when the faces of the tool engage a coupling nut and a torque is applied to the shaft below a preselected level, the faces maintain engagement with the coupling nut, thereby rotating the coupling nut, but when a torque exceeding the preselected level is applied to the shaft, the shaft deflects sufficiently that the faces slip relative to the coupling nut, thereby preventing rotation of the coupling nut.

Abstract: A method for assessing male reproductive health is disclosed. In some embodiments, the method comprises screening a sperm sample for sperm DNA accelerated decondensation (SDAD), for sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and/or for delayed sperm DNA decondensation (SDD). The method is useful in the screening and clinical management of reproductively challenged human couples and for assessing reproductive health of potential sperm donors. A method is also provided for selecting an assisted reproductive technology (ART) best suited for a particular donor sperm sample. An automated method for assessing SDAD and SDD test scores is also disclosed, as well as an automated sperm processing protocol for preparing sperm for analysis of SDAD and SDD.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention may include a method comprising providing a product comprising a substrate comprising a perovskite catalyst, NOx stored in or on the substrate and particulate matter in or on the substrate; releasing at least some of the stored NOx and oxidizing the released NOx to form NO2, and reacting the NO2 with carbon in the particulate matter to form at least one of CO or CO2.

Abstract: An exemplary method and associated architecture for reducing NOx and particulate matter emissions in an exhaust stream may include passing the exhaust stream through a catalytic oxidation reactor; passing the exhaust stream through a two-way selective reduction catalyst particulate filter located downstream of the catalytic oxidation reactor, wherein the two-way selective reduction catalyst particulate filter may include a wall flow filter substrate having internal walls coated with a first selective catalytic reduction catalyst; and passing the exhaust stream through a catalytic reduction reactor located downstream of the two-way selective reduction catalyst particulate filter, wherein the catalytic reduction reactor may include a second selective catalytic reduction catalyst.

Abstract: A method and control apparatus is disclosed for operating an internal combustion engine equipped with an after-treatment system including a catalyst. The control is configured to: perform a DeNOx regeneration event; monitor a parameter (1up) representative of an air-to-fuel ratio upstream of the catalyst and a parameter (1down) representative of an air-to-fuel ratio downstream of the catalyst; and perform a dedicated operating phase of the internal combustion engine to achieve an increase of the NOx emissions, if the value of the parameter (1down) representative of an air-to-fuel ratio downstream of the catalyst is lower than the value of the parameter (1up) representative of an air-to-fuel ratio upstream of the catalyst.

Abstract: One embodiment includes an oxidation catalyst assembly formed by applying a washcoat of platinum and a NOx storage material to a portion of a substrate material.

Abstract: An ash filter for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine is disclosed. The ash filter includes a substrate, such as a honeycomb monolith substrate or a plurality of particulate substrates, and a matrix of a zeolite material disposed on the respective substrate or substrates, the matrix of the zeolite material configured to remove ash from an exhaust gas flow from a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine. An exhaust treatment system for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine is disclosed. The exhaust treatment system includes an ash filter comprising a matrix of a first zeolite and configured to receive an exhaust gas flow from an engine; and an exhaust treatment device, the exhaust treatment device comprising a matrix of a second zeolite and configured to receive the exhaust gas flow from the ash filter.

Abstract: A catalyst and method of forming the catalyst includes a catalyst body having hydrocarbon adsorber material and oxygen storage capacity material disposed thereon.

Abstract: A regeneration system for a filter that filters exhaust gas of an engine includes a soot loading determination module that determines soot accumulation in the filter. A regeneration control module receives the determined soot accumulation from the soot loading determination module, compares the soot accumulation to a first soot accumulation threshold, and selectively increases oxidation levels in the exhaust gas in response to the comparison between the soot accumulation and the first soot accumulation threshold to initiate regeneration in the filter.

Abstract: A system for a vehicle, includes a conversion temperature determination module and a heating control module. The conversion temperature determination module generates a methane conversion temperature corresponding to a predetermined methane conversion efficiency. The heating control module selectively applies power to a substrate of an electrically heated catalyst (EHC) based on a temperature of the EHC and the methane conversion temperature. The EHC includes at least one catalyst that reacts with methane in exhaust output from an engine.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for a diesel engine is disclosed. The exhaust gas treatment system includes a lean NOX trap (LNT) in fluid communication with a diesel engine to receive an exhaust gas flow therefrom. The system also includes a two-way catalyst in fluid communication with the LNT to receive the exhaust gas flow therefrom, the two-way catalyst comprising a urea selective catalytic reduction catalyst and a diesel particulate filter (DPF).