Abstract: VLF communication signals encoded in MSK format contain phase ambiguities that must be resolved in order to use such signals in navigation systems. The ambiguities are resolved by the present frequency multiplying device that in one embodiment operates to double the frequency of an input signal and mix the doubled input signal with a mixing signal to produce an output signal having first and second states. The device includes a transition detector (42) for generating a trigger signal in response to each low-to-high or high-to-low transition of the input signal that occurs when the output signal is in its second state, and a bistable circuit (44) for generating the output signal in response to the trigger signal and to a mixing signal. The bistable circuit responds to the trigger signal to cause the output signal to be in its first state, and responds to a periodic characteristic of the mixing signal to cause the output signal to be in its second state.

Abstract: In order to vary the brightness of the display produced by a cathode ray tube, a digital brightness control circuit is provided that utilizes a source of cathode control voltage connected to the cathode of the cathode ray tube, a brightness selector circuit which is connected to a digital counter, and a resistance network connected to the counter and the cathode control voltage source which is effective to vary in discrete increments the brightness of the cathode ray tube.