Abstract: A brake bleeding system includes: a brake apply module of a wheel of a vehicle, the brake apply module including: a brake fluid reservoir; a caliper; and a pump configured to pump brake fluid from the brake fluid reservoir to the caliper; and a bleed screw; and a brake bleed module configured to, in response to user input indicative of a request to bleed air from the brake apply module, operate the pump and bleed air from the brake apply module.

Abstract: A NOx sensing system having a NOx sensor and a method for determining a NOx concentration utilizing the NOx sensor are provided. The NOx sensor utilizes a second chamber communicating with ambient atmosphere with ambient oxygen for allowing an electrochemical cell to accurately measure an oxygen concentration in a first chamber communicating with an exhaust stream to more accurately control the oxygen concentration in the first chamber, without disassociating NOx therein. The more accurate control of the oxygen concentration in the first chamber, subsequently allows for a more accurate measurement of the NOx in the exhaust system.

Abstract: A method of making a gas sensor is disclosed, comprising disposing an electrochemical cell comprising a sensing electrode and a reference electrode disposed in ionic communication with and on opposite sides of an electrolyte layer. A first insulating layer is disposed in contact with the sensing electrode. A second insulating layer is disposed in contact with the reference electrode. A first protective insulating layer and a first heater are disposed in contact and in thermal communication with the first insulating layer. A second protective insulating layer and a second heater are disposed in contact with and in thermal communication with the second insulating layer. The method includes forming a sensor and co-firing the sensor. A gas sensor is also disclosed as being made according to the above-referenced method.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exhaust oxygen sensor including a component requiring electricity to operate such as a heater or oxygen electrode. The first electrical terminal is provided in electrical contact with the component and wherein the electrical terminal has at least one male prong. The second electrical terminal in electrical contact with a wire for delivering electrical power from an external source is also provided. The second electrical terminal has at least one female connector or receptacle. The male prong and the female connector are constructed and arranged so at least one of the first and second electrical terminals is removable with respect to the other terminal. The sensor may include a threaded nut slidably received over a tubular housing, constructed and arranged to be threaded onto a threaded exhaust manifold boss without rotating the housing.

Abstract: An exhaust sensor having a substrate including first and second portions, the first portion comprising a dielectric material, the second portion comprising an electrolyte material and a transition zone interposed between the first and second portions. The transition zone includes an increasing concentration of the dielectric material in the direction of the first portion of the substrate and an increasing concentration of the electrolyte material in a direction towards the second portion of the substrate. The invention also includes a method of making such an exhaust sensor substrate including the steps of co-depositing first and second amenable compositions, the first composition comprising a dielectric material and the second composition comprising an electrolyte material. The co-deposited compositions are fired together to form the substrate having first, second and transition portions as described above.

Abstract: An exhaust sensor having a substrate including first and second portions, the first portion comprising a dielectric material, the second portion comprising an electrolyte material and a transition zone interposed between the first and second portions. The transition zone includes an increasing concentration of the dielectric material in the direction of the first portion of the substrate and an increasing concentration of the electrolyte material in a direction towards the second portion of the substrate. The invention also includes a method of making such an exhaust sensor substrate including the steps of co-depositing first and second amenable compositions, the first composition comprising a dielectric material and the second composition comprising an electrolyte material. The co-deposited compositions are fired together to form the substrate having first, second and transition portions as described above.

Abstract: A spark plug grinding machine is equipped with force sensors to measure grinding forces and other forces attendant to a grinding operation. Ceramic spark plug insulators are carried by spindles on a Ferris wheel into a grinding station. A control wheel engages and spins each part as a grinding wheel grinds the surface of the insulator. A three axis transducer on one of the spindles measures force components along the axis of the spindle, parallel to a tangent of the grinding wheel and in a radial direction. A torque sensor on the control wheel measures the torque as the wheel rotates each insulator. Either or both of the sensors may be used. They are coupled through slip rings to a recorder.