Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for contactless user interfacing can include applying a user interface display configured for presenting at least visual information to the user, a sensor system for capturing contactless user inputs, the sensor system being configured to detect penetration of an activation zone by the user's hands as an indication that the user intends to provide contactless user input to the user interface display, the sensor system being configured for direct tracking of a user's hand to directly sense the position of the user's hands in at least a portion of an area outside from the activation zone, and a control system arranged in communication with the sensor system to receive the user input signal and configured to determine a target interface element engaged by the user for contactless activation of the visual information, based on indication of direct tracking of the user's hands and indication of penetration of the activation zone of the user input signal.

Abstract: Failures in a fault-tolerant computer system which includes two or more input/output processors connected to a data communication system are detected by monitoring data communication. The computer system is able to detect failures associated with a primary input/output processor, as well as with a standby input/output processors, and is also able to discriminate between failures of the input/output processors and communication failures in the data communication network itself. In addition to using heartbeat-like transmissions, various other categories of data communication are also used to detect failures. The system is able to detect failures when the input/output processors are on a common network segment, allowing the processors to monitor identical data traffic, as well as when the processors are on different segments where, as a result of filtering behavior of network elements such as active hubs, the processors may not be able to monitor identical data traffic.