Abstract: Described herein is a method for determining a nucleic acid sequence, said method comprising: a) denaturing a double-stranded nucleic acid molecule corresponding to the said nucleic acid sequence; b) hybridizing a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule, the primer, with the said denatured double-stranded nucleic acid molecule; c) applying a tension to the hybridized primer/double-stranded nucleic acid molecule obtained in b); d) incubating the hybridized primer/double-stranded nucleic acid molecule obtained in b) with a polymerase in conditions which will lead to at least one pause in replication; and e) determining a position of the said pause in replication with respect to one end of the double-stranded nucleic acid.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for determining a nucleic acid sequence, said method comprising: a) denaturing a double-stranded nucleic acid molecule corresponding to the said nucleic acid sequence by applying a physical force to the said molecule; b) providing a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule; c) renaturing the said double stranded nucleic acid molecule in the presence of the said single-stranded nucleic acid molecule; and d) detecting a blockage of the renaturation of the double-stranded nucleic acid.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a process for aligning a macromolecule (macromolecules) on the surface S of a support, characterized in that the triple line S/A/B (meniscus) resulting from the contact between a solvent A and the surface S and a medium B is caused to move on the said surface S, the said macromolecules having a part, especially an end, anchored on the surface S, the other part, especially the other end, being in solution in the solvent A. The subject of the present invention is also a process for detecting, measuring the intramolecular distance of, separating and/or assaying a macromolecule in a sample in which a process of alignment according to the invention is used.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for detecting or locating one or several genes of one or several specific A DNA sequence or one or several molecules reacting with DNA on a B DNA characterised in that it consists in: (a) fixing and combing a certain amount of said B DNA on a combing surface; (b) reacting the product of the B combing with one or several probes, linked with the gene(s) or specific A DNA sequences, or with the molecules capable of reacting with DNA; (c) extracting information corresponding to at least one of the following categories: (1) the position of the probes, (2) the distance between the probes, (3) the size of the probes (the total sum of sizes for quantifying the number of hybridised probes) for determining therefrom the presence, the location and/or the amount of genes or specific A DNA sequences. This method can be used in particular for the diagnosis of genetic diseases.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for detecting or locating one or several genes of one or several specific A DNA sequence or one or several molecules reacting with DNA on a B DNA characterised in that it consists in: (a) fixing and combing a certain amount of said B DNA on a combing surface; (b) reacting the product of the B combing with one or several probes, linked with the gene(s) or specific A DNA sequences, or with the molecules capable of reacting with DNA; (c) extracting information corresponding to at least one of the following categories: (1) the position of the probes. (2) the distance between the probes, (3) the size of the probes (the total sum of sizes for quantifying the number of hybridised probes) for determining therefrom the presence, the location and/or the amount of genes or specific A DNA sequences. This method can be used in particular for the diagnosis of genetic diseases.

Abstract: A method for detecting or locating one or several genes of one or several specific A DNA sequence or one or several molecules reacting with DNA on a B DNA where the method can include: (a) fixing and combing a certain amount of the B DNA on a combing surface; (b) reacting the product of step (a) with one or several probes, linked with the gene(s) or specific A DNA sequences, or with the molecules capable of reacting with DNA; (c) extracting information corresponding to at least one of the following categories: (1) the position of the probes, (2) the distance between the probes, (3) the size of the probes (the total sum of sizes for quantifying the number of hybridized probes) and determining from this extracted information the presence, the location and/or the amount of a gene(s) or specific A DNA sequences. This method can be used in particular for the diagnosis of genetic diseases.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a process for aligning a macromolecule (macromolecules) on the surface S of a support, characterized in that the triple line S/A/B (meniscus) resulting from the contact between a solvent A and the surface S and a medium B is caused to move on the said surface S, the said macromolecules having a part, especially an end, anchored on the surface S, the other part, especially the other end, being in solution in the solvent A. The subject of the present invention is also a process for detecting, measuring the intramolecular distance of, separating and/or assaying a macromolecule in a sample in which a process of alignment according to the invention is used.

Abstract: A product includes a surface on which a coupled complex is aligned, adherent, and stationary, obtained by a process that includes providing a support having a surface with a molecule with biological activity attached, contacting the surface with a sample containing a macromolecule to couple the macromolecule to the molecule on the surface, passing a meniscus over the coupled complex to align the coupled complex, and detecting the macromolecule in the coupled complex. The product is alternatively obtained by passing a meniscus over the molecule with biological activity prior to contacting the surface with a sample containing a macromolecule to couple the macromolecule to the molecule on the surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for the manipulating and testing of molecules and in particular of DNA comprising a surface on which the molecule is anchored on multiple points at one end and a paramagnetic bead on which said molecule is anchored on multiple points at its other end, magnetic means for applying a force to the bead, said magnetic means being used to control the stretching and rotation of said bead and molecule, optical magnification means and a camera for the visualisation of said bead, computer means to which the images of the camera are transmitted, said computer means comprising means for analyzing the motions of the bead. A method for the manipulating and testing of molecules and in particular of DNA in which a molecule is anchored at one end to a fixed surface and at its other end to a paramagnetic bead wherein said molecule is anchored on multiple points at each of said ends.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device containing a personalizable substrate associated to a reader allowing the conditional operation of an electric or electronic appliance after comparison of the data with a memory by an identification and comparison circuit located on an essential part of said appliance. The invention also discloses a method of use under conditional operation of electric or electronic appliances.

Abstract: A device containing a personalizable substrate associated to a reader allowing the conditional operation of an electric or electronic appliance after comparison of the data with a memory by an identification and comparison circuit located on an essential part of said appliance and methods of using the device under conditional operation of electric or electronic appliances.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for detecting or locating one or several genes of one or several specific A DNA sequence or one or several molecules reacting with DNA on a B DNA characterised in that it consists in: (a) fixing and combing a certain amount of said B DNA on a combing surface; (b) reacting the product of the B combing with one or several probes, linked with the gene(s) or specific A DNA sequences, or with the molecules capable of reacting with DNA; (c) extracting information corresponding to at least one of the following categories: (1) the position of the probes, (2) the distance between the probes, (3) the size of the probes (the total sum of sizes for quantifying the number of hybridised probes) for determining therefrom the presence, the location and/or the amount of genes or specific A DNA sequences. This method can be used in particular for the diagnosis of genetic diseases.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a process for aligning a macromolecule (macromolecules) on the surface S of a support, characterized in that the triple line S/A/B (meniscus) resulting from the contact between a solvent A and the surface S and a medium B is caused to move on the said surface S, the said macromolecules having a part, especially an end, anchored on the surface S, the other part, especially the other end, being in solution in the solvent A.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a process for aligning a macromolecule (macromolecules) on the surface S of a support, characterized in that the triple line S/A/B (meniscus) resulting from the contact between a solvent A and the surface S and a medium B is caused to move on the said surface S, the said macromolecules having a part, especially an end, anchored on the surface S, the other part, especially the other end, being in solution in the solvent A. The subject of the present invention is also a process for detecting, measuring the intramolecular distance of, separating and/or assaying a macromolecule in a sample in which a process of alignment according to the invention is used.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for detecting or locating one or several genes of one or several specific A DNA sequence or one or several molecules reacting with DNA on a B DNA characterized in that it consists in. (a) fixing and combing a certain amount of said B DNA on a combing surface; (b) reacting the product of the B combing with one or several probes, linked with the gene(s) or specific A DNA sequences. or with the molecules capable of reacting with DNA; (c) extracting information corresponding to at least one of the following categories: (1) the position of the probes. (2) the distance between the probes, (3) the size of the probes (the total sum of size quantifying the number of hybridised probes) for determining there from the presence, the location and/or the amount of genes or specific A DNA sequences. This method can be used in particular for the diagnosis of genetic diseases.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a process for aligning a macromolecule (macromolecules) on the surface S of a support, characterized in that the triple line S/A/B (meniscus) resulting from the contact between a solvent A and the surface S and a medium B is caused to move on the said surface S, the said macromolecules having a part, especially an end, anchored on the surface S, the other part, especially the other end, being in solution in the solvent A.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for detecting or locating one or several genes of one or several specific A DNA sequence or one or several molecules reacting with DNA on a B DNA characterised in that it consists in: (a) fixing and combing a certain amount of said B DNA on a combing surface; (b) reacting the product of the B combing with one or several probes, linked with the gene(s) or specific A DNA sequences, or with the molecules capable of reacting with DNA; (c) extracting information corresponding to at least one of the following categories: (1) the position of the probes, (2) the distance between the probes, (3) the size of the probes (the total sum of sizes for quantifying the number of hybridised probes) for determining therefrom the presence, the location and/or the amount of genes or specific A DNA sequences. This method can be used in particular for the diagnosis of genetic diseases.

Abstract: A process for aligning a macromolecule on the surface S of a support comprises forming a triple line S/A/B (meniscus) resulting from contact between a solvent A and the surface S and a medium B is caused to move on the surface S. The macromolecule has a part, especially an end, anchored on the surface S. The other part, especially the other end, is in solution in the solvent A. A process for detecting, measuring the intramolecular distance of, separating and/or assaying a macromolecule in a sample using the process of alignment is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of attaching an end of a nucleic acid on a surface by providing a solution having a pH that allows for specific attachment of an end of a nucleic acid to a surface. The surface, the solution, and the nucleic acid are contacted to attach the end of the nucleic acid to the surface.

Abstract: A process for aligning a macromolecule (macromolecules) on the surface S of a support is characterized in that the triple line S/A/B (meniscus) resulting from the contact between a solvent A and the surface S and a medium B is caused to move on the said surface S, the said macromolecules having a part, especially an end, anchored on the surface S, the other part, especially the other end, being in solution in the solvent A. The subject of the present invention is also a process for detecting, measuring the intramolecular distance of, separating and/or assaying a macromolecule in a sample in which a process of alignment according to the invention is used.