Abstract: LC techniques are disclosed. The LC technique includes providing a liquid chromatography system having a coated metallic fluid-contacting element, and transporting a fluid to contact the coated metallic fluid contacting element. Conditions for the transporting of the fluid are selected from the group consisting of the temperature of the fluid being greater than 150 degree Celsius, pressure urging the fluid being greater than 60 MPa, the fluid having a protein-containing analyte incompatible with one of titanium and polyether ether ketone, the fluid having a chelating agent incompatible with the one or both of the titanium or the polyether ether ketone.

Abstract: A measuring system for measuring a mass flow rate, a density, a temperature or a flow velocity. The measuring system includes a main line, a first Coriolis measuring device arranged in the main line, a second Coriolis measuring device arranged in series with the first Coriolis measuring device in the main line, a bypass line which bypasses the second Coriolis measuring device, a first valve arranged in the bypass line, and a computing unit which is connected to the first Coriolis measuring device and to the second Coriolis measuring device. The first valve opens depending on a pressure. The first Coriolis measuring device is designed for a higher maximum flow rate than the second Coriolis measuring device.

Abstract: Cold thermal chemical vapor deposition coatings, articles, and processes are disclosed. Specifically, a cold thermal chemical vapor deposition process includes positioning an article, heating a precursor gas to at least a decomposition temperature of the precursor gas to produce a deposition gas, introducing the deposition gas to a coating vessel, and depositing a coating from the deposition gas onto the article within the coating vessel. The article remains at a temperature below the decomposition temperature throughout the introducing and depositing of the deposition gas. The coating on the article has a gradient formed by the depositing of the coating having no flow for a period of time. The coated article includes a thermally-sensitive substrate (the thermally-sensitive substrate capable of being modified by a temperature of 300 degrees Celsius) and a coating the thermally-sensitive substrate.

Abstract: In order that grippers on individual tracks of a multi-track slicing machine can be moved and controlled independently of one another, they are not all mounted on a same gripper slide guided on the only slide guide present. Instead, at least two slide guides may be present, each of which carries at least one gripper slide, which in turn either carries several grippers or several gripper slides.

Abstract: A separation system for a fuel cell system. The separation system includes a first container with an open top to separate a liquid from a liquid-gas mixture, a second container with an open top, a measuring tube, and a flow meter. The first container includes an inlet to supply the liquid-gas mixture, a first upper outlet to discharge the gas, a second lower outlet to discharge the liquid, and a first container bottom. The second container includes an inlet, a drain with an outlet opening, and a second container bottom. The measuring tube fluidically connects the second lower outlet to the inlet into the second container. The flow meter measures a flow in the measuring tube between the first and second container geodetically below the outlet opening. The outlet opening of the drain is arranged geodetically above the first container bottom and above the second container bottom.

Abstract: A measuring system for measuring a mass flow rate, a density, a temperature or a flow velocity. The measuring system includes a main line, a first Coriolis measuring device arranged in the main line, a second Coriolis measuring device arranged in series with the first Coriolis measuring device in the main line, a bypass line which bypasses the second Coriolis measuring device, a first valve arranged in the bypass line, and a computing unit which is connected to the first Coriolis measuring device and to the second Coriolis measuring device. The first valve opens depending on a pressure. The first Coriolis measuring device is designed for a higher maximum flow rate than the second Coriolis measuring device.

Abstract: A protective cartridge for a glare protection apparatus, includes an optical glare protection filter which, in particular, has at least one liquid crystal cell, including at least an open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit, which is configured to control and/or regulate a permeability of the optical glare protection filter, at least between at least one bright level and at least one dark level, depending on a captured work state, on an electronic signal of an external signal source and/or on light irradiation. The permeability of the optical glare protection filter at at least one bright level corresponds to a protection level of less than 2.5, preferably of at most 2.4, advantageously of at most 2.25, particularly advantageously of at most 2 and preferably of at most 1.7.

Abstract: A method for ascertaining a refuel savings for a transportation vehicle including determining a desired quantity of fuel; determining a first fuel price of a first filling station and a second fuel price of a second filling station; determining a first additional fuel requirement produced by driving from a current location to a first position of the first filling station and a second additional fuel requirement produced by driving from the current location to a second position of the second filling station; and determining the refuel savings using the desired quantity of fuel, the first fuel price, the first additional fuel requirement, the second fuel price, and the second additional fuel requirement.

Abstract: A protective cartridge for a glare protection apparatus, includes an optical glare protection filter which, in particular, has at least one liquid crystal cell, including at least an open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit, which is configured to control and/or regulate a permeability of the optical glare protection filter, at least between at least one bright level and at least one dark level, depending on a captured work state, on an electronic signal of an external signal source and/or on light irradiation. The permeability of the optical glare protection filter at at least one bright level corresponds to a protection level of less than 2.5, preferably of at most 2.4, advantageously of at most 2.25, particularly advantageously of at most 2 and preferably of at most 1.7.

Abstract: A test apparatus for electro-optical printed circuit boards having optical waveguides comprises a control device, a beamer and a camera, which can be positioned in such a way that light emitted by the beamer can be coupled by means of a first deflecting element to optical waveguides of the circuit board and can be coupled out by means of a second deflecting element into the field of vision of the camera. The beamer is used in a first phase to determine the position for each deflecting mirror of the first deflecting element which a light spot needs to assume in the image projected by the beamer so that the light spot illuminates the deflecting mirror. The beamer is used in a second phase to illuminate at least one deflecting mirror and to carry out the testing of the optical waveguide associated with the at least one deflecting mirror.

Abstract: A test apparatus for electro-optical printed circuit boards having optical waveguides comprises a control device, a beamer and a camera, which can be positioned in such a way that light emitted by the beamer can be coupled by means of a first deflecting element to optical waveguides of the circuit board and can be coupled out by means of a second deflecting element into the field of vision of the camera. The beamer is used in a first phase to determine the position for each deflecting mirror of the first deflecting element which a light spot needs to assume in the image projected by the beamer so that the light spot illuminates the deflecting mirror. The beamer is used in a second phase to illuminate at least one deflecting mirror and to carry out the testing of the optical waveguide associated with the at least one deflecting mirror.