Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating airway remodeling, the methods generally involve administering an effective amount of a Toll-like receptor agonist to an individual suffering from airway remodeling. The present invention provides methods of treating pulmonary fibrosis, the methods generally involving administering an effective amount of a Toll-like receptor agonist to an individual in need thereof. The present invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a TLR agonist and a formulation suitable for delivery by inhalation.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of maintaining suppression of a Th2 immune response, and methods of maintaining an increase in a Th1 immune response in an individual. The methods generally involve administering to an individual an effective amount of a first dose of a composition comprising an immunomodulatory nucleic acid, and, after a suitable time, administering at least a second dose of a composition comprising an immunomodulatory nucleic acid.