Abstract: An orthopedic apparatus comprises an implantable anchor configured to retain an implantable rod and to permit translational movement of the rod relative to the anchor. A method for manufacturing an implantable rod comprises configuring the rod to facilitate translational movement of the rod relative to an implantable orthopedic anchor. An implantable anchor assembly includes a head that is adapted and configured to be supported by a connector assembly that is attached to a bone, such as a vertebrae: A rod extends through an enclosed rod pathway in a manner that permits the rod to slide relative to pathway, but at the same time place constraints on the rod as to lateral or vertical movement by head and rod retainer. Portions of the rod pathway are provided with a hard coating, such as ADLC.

Abstract: Various methods and apparatus for dynamic stabilization of bones, and especially of vertebra. Disclosed herein are bushings that permit axial movement of a rod, tether, or similar interconnection device relative to an anchoring head that is coupled to a bone. Some bushings further allow lateral relative movement or rotational relative movement, such additional relative movement being limited by the size and shape of the bushing, the size and shape of the interconnection device, the size and shape of the bushing container, the manner of attaching the anchoring head to the bone, or other considerations.