Abstract: A terminal assembly for measuring electrical current passing to and from a battery post, including an electrically conductive collar for connecting to a post of a battery, and an electrically conductive terminal for receiving a connector of a load. An electrically conductive resistor having a known resistance extends between outer surfaces of the collar and the terminal. The terminal assembly is incorporated into a battery, which also includes a volt meter connected between the outer surfaces of the collar and the terminal for measuring the voltage drop across the resistor, memory for storing the known resistance of the resistor, and a processor programmed to receive the measured voltage drop from the volt meter, retrieve the known resistance from the memory, and calculate current flow through the resistor based on the measured voltage drop and the known resistance, whereby current flow to and from the battery can be measured.

Abstract: A battery cover assembly having integrated battery condition monitoring for measuring electrical current passing to and from a battery post, including an electrically conductive collar for connecting to a post of a battery, and an electrically conductive terminal for receiving a connector of a load. An electrically conductive resistor having a known resistance extends between outer surfaces of the collar and the terminal.

Abstract: A terminal assembly for measuring electrical current passing to and from a battery post, including an electrically conductive collar for connecting to a post of a battery, and an electrically conductive terminal for receiving a connector of a load. An electrically conductive resistor having a known resistance extends between outer surfaces of the collar and the terminal. The terminal assembly is incorporated into a battery, which also includes a volt meter connected between the outer surfaces of the collar and the terminal for measuring the voltage drop across the resistor, memory for storing the known resistance of the resistor, and a processor programmed to receive the measured voltage drop from the volt meter, retrieve the known resistance from the memory, and calculate current flow through the resistor based on the measured voltage drop and the known resistance, whereby current flow to and from the battery can be measured.

Abstract: A terminal assembly for measuring electrical current passing to and from a battery post, including an electrically conductive collar for connecting to a post of a battery, and an electrically conductive terminal for receiving a connector of a load. An electrically conductive resistor having a known resistance extends between outer surfaces of the collar and the terminal. The terminal assembly is incorporated into a battery, which also includes a volt meter connected between the outer surfaces of the collar and the terminal for measuring the voltage drop across the resistor, memory for storing the known resistance of the resistor, and a processor programmed to receive the measured voltage drop from the volt meter, retrieve the known resistance from the memory, and calculate current flow through the resistor based on the measured voltage drop and the known resistance, whereby current flow to and from the battery can be measured.

Abstract: A terminal assembly for measuring electrical current passing to and from a battery post, including an electrically conductive collar for connecting to a post of a battery, and an electrically conductive terminal for receiving a connector of a load. An electrically conductive resistor having a known resistance extends between outer surfaces of the collar and the terminal. The terminal assembly is incorporated into a battery, which also includes a volt meter connected between the outer surfaces of the collar and the terminal for measuring the voltage drop across the resistor, memory for storing the known resistance of the resistor, and a processor programmed to receive the measured voltage drop from the volt meter, retrieve the known resistance from the memory, and calculate current flow through the resistor based on the measured voltage drop and the known resistance, whereby current flow to and from the battery can be measured.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring electrical energy passing to and from a battery post. The apparatus includes a resistor having a known resistance, a first conducting surface and a second conducting surface. The conducting surfaces are arranged such that current flow from a battery post will travel through the resistor from the first conducting surface to the second conducting surface, and current flow to the post travels through the resistor from the second to the first conducting surfaces. The energy measuring apparatus further includes a first lead electrically connected to the first conducting surface of the resistor, and a second lead electrically connected to the second conducting surface of the resistor.

Abstract: A device for monitoring current flowing through an electrical circuit includes a current shunt plate connected between at least one terminal of the electrical circuit and an electrical load; a circuit board mounted to the current shunt plate at at least two connection points; and a current measuring device mounted on the circuit board, the current measuring device being adapted for measuring a voltage drop between the at least two connection points and determining the current flowing the current flowing through the electrical circuit.

Abstract: The invention features a prismatic battery with an electrically conductive housing comprising an elongated, prismatic can with an open end, and a housing cover pressed into the open end of the can and welded in place. The novel cover has an outer flange about its periphery, extending generally in the direction of extension of the sides of the can, which elastically deflects as the cover is pressed into the can to provide good contact for welding. The cover has two raised bumps forming internal pockets that are part of the internal volume of the cell. The bumps are also arranged to prevent rotation of the seal/vent assembly. One embodiment includes a plugged fill hole in one of the bumps. Corresponding methods of manufacture are also disclosed.

Abstract: A high discharge rate electrochemical battery structure is disclosed as having a perforated disc electrode stack comprising pluralities of disc electrodes respectively connected to a pair of busbars. Each disc electrode has a tab with two fins which are bent at 90 degrees to the disc electrode. Each fin is inserted between two parts of the corresponding busbar and welded thereto. The design of the busbars and disc electrodes provides for redundancy of electrical contact, high thermal and electrical conductivity and improved resistance to mechanical shock.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell electrode such as the cathode element for a high energy density battery cell and its fabrication sequence are disclosed. Material such as finely-divided carbon particles is dispersed over the electrode surface during an ultrasonic energy assisted wet spraying process which produces very thin electrodes that are also low in fabrication cost and increased in uniformity and energy density capability. Fine particle material deposition on both a metal foil electrode and on an insulating member that is later joined to a metal foil electrode are contemplated.

Abstract: A liquid electrolyte solution is added to porous components of an electrochemical cell prior to assembly. The electrolyte solution is frozen and all the components are assembled into a sealed cell. The electrolyte solution is then allowed to melt.

Abstract: A mechanical component for electrochemical batteries having porous members. A disc has two or more circular grooves in one side. The grooves are intended to accept the porous members and an electrode member of the battery. The opposite side of the disc has one or more radial channels which intersect with the circular grooves. When used in a battery, the component facilitates distribution of electrolyte, while also minimizing electrolyte leakage between cells.

Abstract: A battery has first and second polarity circular electrodes within a circular housing. At least one bipolar electrode is interposed between the first and second polarity circular electrodes. Porous separators are located between electrodes. The cell also includes an electrolyte solution. Electric current is coupled from the first and second cylindrical electrodes.

Abstract: A reserve cell has cylindrical electrodes surrounding a cell component container, all in a cylindrical housing. A shim has a circular groove accepting one end of an electrode and a socket holding one end of the container. The outer edge of the shim abuts the inner wall of the housing. This arrangement maintains spatial relationships of the cell.

Abstract: A reserve cell has a cylindrical housing with a closed end. A cylindrical battery stack is located within the housing, surrounding a cell component container and separated from the closed end by a channeled ring. A disc is located with the ring for transmitting pressure from the closed end of the container.

Abstract: An electrochemical reserve cell includes a cylindrical housing a concentric arrangement of a liquid cell component container, a metal anode, a porous separator, and a porous carbon element. The metal anode is cylindrical with a spiral slot extending between its ends and is pressed into a perforated anode support cylinder having adjacent edges welded together. The anode and anode support structure are interlocked together.

Abstract: A type of electrochemical cell has elements wound in a coil and inserted in a sealed can. One element has a metal substrate carrying a plurality of holes. The metal substrate supports layers of an electrode material such as porous carbon. Both edges and one end of the substrate is kept free of the material. The bare end of the substrate is on the outside of the coil. The substrate is wider than other elements of the coil, so that when the coil is inserted in the can, the substrate makes contact with all the internal surfaces of the can.

Abstract: A type of electrochemical cell has two electrode structure elements wound in a coil and inserted in a sealed can. The electrode structures are separated by a porous insulating sheet. One electrode structure has a metal substrate carrying a plurality of holes. The metal substrate supports layers of an electrode material such as porous carbon. Both edges and one end of the substrate is kept free of the material. The bare end of the substrate is on the outside of the coil. The substrate and porous insulating sheets are wider than the other electrode structures, so that when the coil is inserted in the can, the substrate and the porous insulating sheet makes contact with the top and bottom internal surfaces of the can.

Abstract: Trichlorotrifluoromethane is used as a vehicle to apply carbon and a binder to a substrate. Carbon black and tetrafluoroethylene are suspended in liquid trichlorotrifluoroethane to form a slurry. A layer of the slurry is deposited on a substrate. The trichlorofluoromethane is evaporated leaving a porous residue of carbon and tetrafluoroethylene on the substrate.