Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is directed to a Temporal CVV2 of CVV, which may be represented as a temporary three digit number generated using unique credentials associated with a card product. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the Temporal CVV2 may be generated for each transaction request or other defined set of transactions based on one or more factors, including time period/limit, usage, fraud/risk considerations. With this solution, a customer may request a new Temporal CVV2 each time a purchase is initiated. This may include online purchases, e-commerce transactions, manual link and provision requests, customer authentication for servicing channels, etc. An embodiment of the present invention seeks to mitigate risk and provide a safer and secure solution for customers while providing flexibility to make various purchases before a new card arrives.

Abstract: A relatively compact and vibration-insensitive electric-to-pressure converter includes an annular flexure from which an annular electromagnetic coil depends into an annular gap defined by the pole pieces of a permanent magnet assembly. A compressed air exhaust nozzle is located below the central region of the flexure which controls the rate of exhaust of air from the nozzle, and therefore the output pressure of the converter, in dependence upon the magnitude of an electrical input current applied to the coil.

Abstract: A fail-safe, precision current-to-pressure converter for providing a regulated pneumatic output pressure proportional to an electrical control current includes a main valve member for regulating the pneumatic output pressure, operation of the valve member being controlled by the pressure of control fluid contained in a chamber. The control fluid pressure is controlled by admitting control fluid into the chamber via a continuously pulsed, electromagnetically actuated on/off reed valve and simultaneously allowing control fluid continuously to exhaust to atmosphere via a fixed bleed orifice, the rate of admittance of control fluid into the chamber relative to the exhaust rate from the orifice being variable so that the desired, substantially constant output pressure, as dictated by the electrical current input and as measured by a transducer that produces a feed-back signal, will be attained.

Abstract: A pneumatic regulator in the form of an electro-pneumatic device (an I/P regulaor) in which the pressure of pneuamtic medium is controlled in response to an electrical signal in which the pneumatic pressure regulator incorporates a control volume whose pressure is used to regulate the main pneumatic pressure and the pressure in the control volume being under the control of pneumatic valves, the valves being opened and closed by electrical signals provided by an electrical circuit, which circuit incorporates electrical storage so as to permit the electrical circuitry to operate the valve on currents in the range 4-20 mA so that the electro-pneumatic regulator can be operated directly by electronic control systems without the need of supplementary electrical feeds.