Abstract: Superconducting circuits based devices and methods, including reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) based devices and methods are provided. In one example, a device comprising an output terminal, a first input terminal for receiving a first set of pulses, and a second input terminal for receiving a second set of pulses is provided. The first section may be configured to pass a single pulse received during a single clock cycle at any of the first input terminal or the second input terminal, but to not pass two or more positive pulses received during a single clock cycle at the first input terminal and the second input terminal. The second section, coupled to the first section, may be configured to, in response to the single pulse, generate a negative pulse after a predetermined fraction of a single clock cycle after providing a positive pulse at the output terminal.

Abstract: Superconducting circuits based devices and methods, including reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) based devices and methods are provided. In one example, a device comprising an output terminal, a first input terminal for receiving a first set of pulses, and a second input terminal for receiving a second set of pulses is provided. The first section may be configured to pass a single pulse received during a single clock cycle at any of the first input terminal or the second input terminal, but to not pass two or more positive pulses received during a single clock cycle at the first input terminal and the second input terminal. The second section, coupled to the first section, may be configured to, in response to the single pulse, generate a negative pulse after a predetermined fraction of a single clock cycle after providing a positive pulse at the output terminal.

Abstract: IMS networks and associated methods are disclosed that provide charging for CAMEL services provided in the IMS network. If a CAMEL service is provided by an application server for a session in an IMS network, then the application server generates CAMEL charging data for the service provided and also generates a charging message, such as a Diameter ACR message. The application server includes the CAMEL charging data in the charging message and transmits the charging message to a charging collector system. The charging collector system generates a CDR for the session, and maps the CAMEL charging data from the charging message to the CDR. The charging collector system then transmits the CDR to a billing system. The billing system may then charge for the CAMEL service provided in the IMS network.

Abstract: An authentication loading control feature enables a service provider to control the number of authentication procedures or percentage of time that authentication procedures are performed by a network element adapted to perform authentication procedures (e.g., a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) of a UMTS network); and an information recapture feature enables the network element to obtain, in the absence of authentication, UE information that conventionally would have been received as a part of the authentication procedure as needed, for example and without limitation, to support charging and lawful intercept functions.

Abstract: An authentication loading control feature enables a service provider to control the number of authentication procedures or percentage of time that authentication procedures are performed by a network element adapted to perform authentication procedures (e.g., a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) of a UMTS network); and an information recapture feature enables the network element to obtain, in the absence of authentication, UE information that conventionally would have been received as a part of the authentication procedure as needed, for example and without limitation, to support charging and lawful intercept functions.

Abstract: An authentication loading control feature enables a service provider to control the number of authentication procedures or percentage of time that authentication procedures are performed by a network element adapted to perform authentication procedures (e.g., a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) of a UMTS network); and an information recapture feature enables the network element to obtain, in the absence of authentication, UE information that conventionally would have been received as a part of the authentication procedure as needed, for example and without limitation, to support charging and lawful intercept functions.

Abstract: An authentication loading control feature enables a service provider to control the number of authentication procedures or percentage of time that authentication procedures are performed by a network element adapted to perform authentication procedures (e.g., a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) of a UMTS network); and an information recapture feature enables the network element to obtain, in the absence of authentication, UE information that conventionally would have been received as a part of the authentication procedure as needed, for example and without limitation, to support charging and lawful intercept functions.

Abstract: IMS networks and associated methods are disclosed that provide charging for CAMEL services provided in the IMS network. If a CAMEL service is provided by an application server for a session in an IMS network, then the application server generates CAMEL charging data for the service provided and also generates a charging message, such as a Diameter ACR message. The application server includes the CAMEL charging data in the charging message and transmits the charging message to a charging collector system. The charging collector system generates a CDR for the session, and maps the CAMEL charging data from the charging message to the CDR. The charging collector system then transmits the CDR to a billing system. The billing system may then charge for the CAMEL service provided in the IMS network.

Abstract: A bolometer type ultra-sensitive silicon sensor pixel of a multi-pixel sensor wherein each pixel includes a detector stage, an intermediate stage, and a heat bath stage. The detector stage, the intermediate stage and a portion of the heat bath stage are generally co-planar and are interconnected by I-beam bridges so as to permit mutually co-planar rotation in response to stress and strain. Electrical coupling is improved between a micro-antenna and the detector stage by a two stage transformer assembly that couples the micro-antenna to the detector stage.

Abstract: A charging gateway component of an apparatus in one example selects a billing system component, to handle a charging data record, from a plurality of available billing system components based on one or more characteristics of the charging data record.

Abstract: An integrated computer-telephone system includes a personal computer and a plurality of telephone sets. Each of the telephone sets is coupled to multiple telephone lines via respective adapters. By activating a line button on an adapter, a respective telephone will be connected to a selected line to answer or place a call on the selected line. The integrated computer-telephone system enables the multiple telephone line access by using existing standard telephone sets in a house hold. The integrated computer-telephone system is able to control the access to the multiple telephone lines according to their operational status and to preventing the telephone sets at other extensions from being connected to a telephone line when a call is in progress on the telephone line.

Abstract: An automatic telephone exchange including registers for the setting up of calls over outgoing junctions by multi-frequency code--(M.F.C.) signalling, in which the junctors are accessible via M.F. control equipments which are connected to the registers via crosspoint switching means.