Abstract: The present invention provides for a display device and a method to manufacture the display device. The display device includes: a transparent layer; a coloring electrode; a separator; a second electrode; an electrolyte permeating throughout the display device; and a back layer positioned on the back side of the display. The transparent layer, which has a top surface and a bottom surface, is positioned at the viewer side of the display. The coloring electrode is positioned on the transparent layer bottom surface and includes: a connected conductor system formed from one or more heterogeneous conductive layers and a coloring layer, with the proviso that the heterogeneous conductive layers are not positioned between the transparent layer bottom surface and the coloring layer. The conductor heterogeneity includes variations in one or more of: conductor material composition; conductor layer dimension; conductor layer pattern; conductor layer grid design, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a display device and a method to manufacture the display device. The display device includes: a transparent layer; a coloring electrode; a separator; a second electrode; an electrolyte permeating throughout the display device; and a back layer positioned on the back side of the display. The transparent layer, which has a top surface and a bottom surface, is positioned at the viewer side of the display. The coloring electrode is positioned on the transparent layer bottom surface and includes: a connected conductor system formed from one or more heterogeneous conductive layers and a coloring layer, with the proviso that the heterogeneous conductive layers are not positioned between the transparent layer bottom surface and the coloring layer. The conductor heterogeneity includes variations in one or more of: conductor material composition; conductor layer dimension; conductor layer pattern; conductor layer grid design, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A device is disclosed that combines a battery system with an electrochromic system by judicious selection of electrodes and the connection of the appropriate electrodes to generate internal as well as external current flows. This system allows the elimination of a battery component reducing cost and improving manufacturing yield by reduction of the number of parts and number of interconnections. However, the design can be further extended to the combination of a battery system with a sensing system.

Abstract: The invention concerns electrochromic compounds of the general formula I. These compounds may be used in electrochromic devices, especially electrochromic devices comprising nanostructured films.

Abstract: A compound for electrochromic devices. One such compound of the invention is dihydro-disubstituted phenazine (VI): wherein R9 is and n=1-10.

Abstract: The invention concerns electrochromic compounds of the general formula I. These compounds may be used in electrochromic devices, especially electrochromic devices comprising nanostructured films.

Abstract: A display having a front plane, a back plane and a border edge. The display includes a color changing cell located behind the front plane of the device and a first and second electrically conducting attachment layer. The color changing cell includes an active color layer having at least one active color area. The active color layer is associated with a first electrically conducting layer which overlaps at least one active color area. The color changing cell also includes a counter layer associated with a second electrically conducting layer. A first electrically conducting attachment layer extends from the active color area and overlaps the first electrically conducting layer. A second electrically conducting attachment layer extends from the counter layer and overlaps the second electrically conducting layer. The display may be coupled to an electronic circuit for use in a variety of applications. The display may also be used to form a device having a plurality of displays.

Abstract: Electronic systems and method to make such electronic systems using co-processing print technology. In one embodiment, the electronic system includes a substrate, a printed display device, a printed component and a printed functional layer. The printed display device includes a transparent conductor layer positioned on the substrate and at least one display layer positioned on the transparent conductor layer. The printed component is positioned on the substrate and includes at least one component layer. The printed functional layer is associated with the printed display device and the printed component where the printed functional layer characterized by a chemical property or physical property that allows said printed functional layer to serve as a component layer and a display layer.

Abstract: An electrochromic device in which specific channel direction for the conduction of ions is implemented. As a result ionic crosstalk between display pixels is greatly reduced and unwanted transient coloration effects are minimized. Further, specific gel, polymer, or ionic liquid solutions can greatly eliminate the corrosive effects associated with the use of electrolyte salt solutions.

Abstract: A compound for electrochromic devices. One such compound of the invention is dihydro-disubstituted phenazine (VI): wherein R9 is and n=1-10.

Abstract: A compound for use in electrochromic devices. The compound includes (1) ?-(10-phenothiazyl)propoxy phosphonic acid; (2) ?-(10-phenothiazyl)propyl-phosphonic acid; and (3) ?-(10-phenothiazyl)propionate phosphonic acid.

Abstract: The invention concerns discrete electrochromic particles comprising conducting, semiconducting or insulating nanoparticles having one or more electrochromic compounds adsorbed on the surface thereof. These particles may be deposited on an electrode in a single process step at a relatively low temperature, thereby allowing the use of heat-sensitive materials such as plastics as flexible substrates for the electrode.

Abstract: An electrochromic (EC) device having a low starting potential, thereby having a lower drive potential is disclosed. A potential is applied to the EC device to lower the starting potential. Methods and systems for manufacturing EC devices and adjusting the drive potential of an existing EC device are also disclosed.

Abstract: An electrochromic device in which specific channel direction for the conduction of ions is implemented. As a result ionic crosstalk between display pixels is greatly reduced and unwanted transient coloration effects are minimized. Further, specific gel, polymer, or ionic liquid solutions can greatly eliminate the corrosive effects associated with the use of electrolyte salt solutions.

Abstract: An enhanced reflective layer is described herein for use in a display device. Displays including the enhanced reflective layer are also described. The enhanced reflective layer includes particles that reflect, absorb or emit light with desired properties to enhance the display properties. Use of the enhanced reflective layer in displays allows, among other features, full color active matrix reflective or transflective displays.

Abstract: A nanoporous, nanocrystalline film and electrochromic device. The nanoporous, nanocrystalline film has a conducting metal oxide having an electroactive compound, which is either a p-type or n-type redox promoter or p-type or n-type redox chromophore, absorbed thereto. The electrochromic device has at least one electrode, the at least one electrode having a transparent or translucent substrate bearing an electrically conducting coating, which in turn bears a conducting nanostructured metal oxide film.

Abstract: The invention concerns electrochromic compounds of the general formula I. These compounds may be used in electrochromic devices, especially electrochromic devices comprising nanostructured films.

Abstract: The invention concerns discrete electrochromic particles comprising conducting, semiconducting or insulating nanoparticles having one or more electrochromic compounds adsorbed on the surface thereof. These particles may be deposited on an electrode in a single process step at a relatively low temperature, thereby allowing the use of heat-sensitive materials such as plastics as flexible substrates for the electrode.

Abstract: A compound for electrochromic devices. One such compound of the invention is (1-ferrocenyl) imido-benzylmethyl phosphonic acid.

Abstract: A nanoporous, nanocrystalline film and electrochromic device. The nanoporous, nanocrystalline film has a conducting metal oxide having an electroactive compound, which is either a p-type or n-type redox promoter or p-type or n-type redox chromophore, absorbed thereto. The electrochromic device has at least one electrode, the at least one electrode having a transparent or translucent substrate bearing an electrically conducting coating, which in turn bears a conducting nanostructured metal oxide film.