Abstract: A system for indicating the presence of a substance in an article, wherein the article comprises at least one component, comprises: means for selecting a substance; a component data unit for providing component data wherein the component data comprises at least one material comprised in each component; a primary material records unit for providing a plurality of primary material records; a secondary material records unit for providing a plurality of secondary material records; a substance record unit for providing a plurality of substance records associated with a material, wherein each substance record contains percentages of substances contained in the associated material; and a processor configured to: select material records of the at least one material from the primary material records unit if the at least one material is present in the primary material records; select material records corresponding to the at least one material from the secondary material records unit if no substance records associated w

Abstract: An air braking unit for use in an air braking system. The air braking unit is arranged to be positioned, in use, at a vehicle wheel, and comprises an inlet for receiving, in use, compressed air from a central source. At least one first valve is arranged to selectively allow compressed air from the inlet to enter a wheel brake chamber in use. At least one second valve is arranged to selectively allow air from the brake chamber to be released via an outlet to the atmosphere in use and control means controls the first and second valves to operate to selectively control the air pressure in the brake chamber in use.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve comprises a yoke, a magnet having pole pieces defining a gap, a flexure assembly having one end attached to the yoke such that part of the flexure assembly extends into the gap, and a mechanism configured to polarize the magnetizable portion so that the extending part of the flexure assembly is attracted towards a pole piece by a magnetic force, thereby defining a valve state. The flexure assembly has at least one resilient portion and at least one magnetizable portion, wherein the extending part of the flexure assembly is movable between the pole pieces through an intermediate position towards which it is resiliently biased such that a resilient mechanical force is generated by deflecting the resilient portion from an undeflected position. The magnetizable portion and the resilient portion are configured such that the magnetic force defining the valve state is greater than the resilient mechanical force.

Abstract: A system for indicating the presence of a substance in an article, wherein the article comprises at least one component, comprises: means for selecting a substance; a component data unit for providing component data wherein the component data comprises at least one material comprised in each component; a primary material records unit for providing a plurality of primary material records; a secondary material records unit for providing a plurality of secondary material records; a substance record unit for providing a plurality of substance records associated with a material, wherein each substance record contains percentages of substances contained in the associated material; and a processor configured to: select material records of the at least one material from the primary material records unit if the at least one material is present in the primary material records; select material records corresponding to the at least one material from the secondary material records unit if no substance records associated w

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve comprises a yoke, a magnet having pole pieces defining a gap, a flexure assembly having one end attached to the yoke such that part of the flexure assembly extends into the gap, and a mechanism configured to polarize the magnetizable portion so that the extending part of the flexure assembly is attracted towards a pole piece by a magnetic force, thereby defining a valve state. The flexure assembly has at least one resilient portion and at least one magnetizable portion, wherein the extending part of the flexure assembly is movable between the pole pieces through an intermediate position towards which it is resiliently biased such that a resilient mechanical force is generated by deflecting the resilient portion from an undeflected position. The magnetizable portion and the resilient portion are configured such that the magnetic force defining the valve state is greater than the resilient mechanical force.

Abstract: A system for identifying a corrosion risk during the design of a mechanical assembly, the system comprising: a design data unit for storing design data representing the mechanical assembly; a corrosion data unit for storing corrosion data; and a processor configured to: obtain design data from the design data unit; obtain, from the corrosion data unit, corrosion data relevant to the obtained design data; make a comparison of the obtained design data with the obtained corrosion data to identify a corrosion risk associated with the design; and provide, based on said comparison, an indication of the corrosion risk.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve comprises a yoke, a magnet having pole pieces defining a gap, a flexure assembly having one end attached to the yoke such that part of the flexure assembly extends into the gap, and a mechanism configured to polarize the magnetizable portion so that the extending part of the flexure assembly is attracted towards a pole piece by a magnetic force, thereby defining a valve state. The flexure assembly has at least one resilient portion and at least one magnetizable portion, wherein the extending part of the flexure assembly is movable between the pole pieces through an intermediate position towards which it is resiliently biased such that a resilient mechanical force is generated by deflecting the resilient portion from an undeflected position. The magnetizable portion and the resilient portion are configured such that the magnetic force defining the valve state is greater than the resilient mechanical force.

Abstract: A system for controlling a vehicle. The vehicle has a steerable front axle and at least one further steerable axle. The system determining the path of a reference lead point at the front of the vehicle and determining the path of a follow point at the rear of the vehicle. A controller for driving the at least one further steerable axle of the vehicle such that the deviation between the path of the lead point of the vehicle and the follow point is within a predetermined range while the vehicle is in motion.

Abstract: A system for controlling a vehicle. The vehicle has a steerable front axle and at least one further steerable axle and the system comprises means for determining the path of a reference lead point at the front of the vehicle. There is also means for determining the path of a follow point at the rear of the vehicle, and means for driving the at least one further steerable axle of the vehicle such that the deviation between the path of the lead point of the vehicle and the follow point is within a predetermined range whilst the vehicle is in motion.

Abstract: An air braking unit for use in an air braking system. The air braking unit is arranged to be positioned, in use, at a vehicle wheel, and comprises an inlet for receiving, in use, compressed air from a central source. At least one first valve is arranged to selectively allow compressed air from the inlet to enter a wheel brake chamber in use. At least one second valve is arranged to selectively allow air from the brake chamber to be released via an outlet to the atmosphere in use and control means controls the first and second valves to operate to selectively control the air pressure in the brake chamber in use.

Abstract: A safety system for at least one steerable wheel of a vehicle. The system comprises an actuating means and a locking means and is arranged such that, upon a predetermined condition arising, the actuating means effects centring of the or each wheel and the locking means then effects locking of the or each centred wheel.

Abstract: A method for controlling the collapse of a building having multiple floors. The method comprises the step of providing at least one load-bearing strut between at least one set of adjacent floors and attached to the load-bearing structure of the building, the strut being constructed such that, under building collapse conditions, it absorbs enough of the energy released during collapse of the building to control the rate of collapse of the building to reduce damage thereto. A building collapse control system is also provided.

Abstract: A load sensor which has an elongate hollow body 11, preferably formed as a metal extrusion, and which forms a first capacitative plate 21. A second parallel capacitative plate 15 is formed on an insulating body which is held in place relative to the extrusion by a resilient support 16. Application of a load to the extrusion causes variation in the gap between the plates of the capacitor, thus affecting the capacitance in a manner which is measured and processed to provide an output signal which is directly proportional to the applied load.