Abstract: A network timing view provides enhanced visualization for synch timing in support of mobile (4G/5G deployments) and others requiring sync. It allows network managers to view relevant synch data both textually and graphically displayed on the network map nodes and links in a unified view. The user is able to select the appropriate filter on the network map to show the 1588/SyncE connectivity and relevant nodes that are participating in delivering timing. It allows a user to trace the timing path from any timing device upstream to the clock source. It also allows the user to interactively discover and navigate downstream timing paths from any timing device, similar to exploring a tree hierarchy. The timing topology and path data provided allows a user to investigate the timing network for troubleshooting purposes such as timing alarms and events, sync problems, clock quality levels and clock states.

Abstract: A network timing view provides enhanced visualization for synch timing in support of mobile (4G/5G deployments) and others requiring sync. It allows network managers to view relevant synch data both textually and graphically displayed on the network map nodes and links in a unified view. The user is able to select the appropriate filter on the network map to show the 1588/SyncE connectivity and relevant nodes that are participating in delivering timing. It allows a user to trace the timing path from any timing device upstream to the clock source. It also allows the user to interactively discover and navigate downstream timing paths from any timing device, similar to exploring a tree hierarchy. The timing topology and path data provided allows a user to investigate the timing network for troubleshooting purposes such as timing alarms and events, sync problems, clock quality levels and clock states.

Abstract: The matched nodes provide protection for a failure in the connection between two bidirectional line switched rings. They use a secondary path in case of a primary path failure. The secondary path is set aside in either the working or protection bandwidth of the rings, thus wasting resources. The invention uses a dedicated secondary path between the primary and secondary nodes. With the invention, no ring protection mechanisms are compromised and the ring bandwidth is not wasted. Middle nodes also realize full add/drop capabilities.

Abstract: The matched nodes provide protection for a failure in the connection between two bidirectional line switched rings. They use a secondary path in case of a primary path failure. The secondary path is set aside in either the working or protection bandwidth of the rings, thus wasting resources. The invention uses inter-ring protection mechanisms which do away with a specifically set aside secondary path between the primary and secondary nodes.

Abstract: An image processing system 20 comprises a format converter 21 for receiving a first signal having a larger bandwidth and a second signal having a smaller bandwidth, the first and second signals together representing an image. A processor 23 is arranged to process the first and second signals to produce signals representing a manipulated version of the image. The system further comprises a deriving circuit 25 which is arranged to derive from information in the larger bandwidth signal additional information for the smaller bandwidth signal. The deriving circuit derives an unknown value of a pixel as represented by the smaller bandwidth signal from known values of the pixel and the pixels adjacent thereto as represented by the larger bandwidth signal and from known values of the adjacent pixels as represented by the smaller bandwidth signal. The deriving circuit facilitates conversion of the first and second signals into another signal format representing the image.