Abstract: This technology relates in part to methods and compositions for treatment or prevention of infections, including but not limited to respiratory infections. The methods and compositions can include lung surfactants, detergents, antivirals, siRNA, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) boosting agents.

Abstract: According to aspects of the embodiments, there is provided an apparatus that includes a calibration member that is disposed within a calibration holder and is movable to a position within the optical path of the scanner head assembly. The apparatus can perform optical analysis of images on sheets, comprising a structure forming a baffle for passage of a sheet therethrough, and a photosensor disposed to receive light reflected from a sheet in the baffle. In particular, this embodiment employs a shutter plate mounted to a rack and pinion system where the shutter plate serves the dual purpose of presenting the calibration member to the scanner when engaged into the paper path and when retracted, the backside of the shutter serves as a paper guide.

Abstract: According to aspects of the embodiments, there is provided an apparatus that includes a calibration member that is disposed within a calibration holder and is movable to a position within the optical path of the scanner head assembly. The apparatus can perform optical analysis of images on sheets, comprising a structure forming a baffle for passage of a sheet therethrough, and a photosensor disposed to receive light reflected from a sheet in the baffle. In particular, this embodiment employs a shutter plate mounted to a rack and pinion system where the shutter plate serves the dual purpose of presenting the calibration member to the scanner when engaged into the paper path and when retracted, the backside of the shutter serves as a paper guide.

Abstract: Systems and methods for analysis of polymers, e.g., polynucleotides, are provided. The systems are capable of analyzing a polymer at a specified rate. One such analysis system includes a structure having a nanopore aperture and a molecular motor, e.g., a polymerase, adjacent the nanopore aperture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting a double-stranded region in a nucleic acid by (1) providing two separate, adjacent pools of a medium and a interface between the two pools, the interface having a channel so dimensioned as to allow sequential monomer-by-monomer passage of a single-stranded nucleic acid, but not of a double-stranded nucleic acid, from one pool to the other pool; (2) placing a nucleic acid polymer in one of the two pools; and (3) taking measurements as each of the nucleotide monomers of the single-stranded nucleic acid polymer passes through the channel so as to differentiate between nucleotide monomers that are hybridized to another nucleotide monomer before entering the channel and nucleotide monomers that are not hybridized to another nucleotide monomer before entering the channel.

Abstract: An optical waveguide is constructed so as to comprise a non-solid core layer surrounded by a solid-state material, wherein light can be transmitted with low loss through the non-solid core layer, and an electrical component is in fluid communication with the non-solid core layer. The electrical component controls movement of sample material through the non-solid core. The optical wave guide provides light confinement with structured dielectric materials. A presently preferred implementation of the invention employs anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides (ARROWs or ARROW). Liquid-core waveguides may also be implemented using other dielectric confinement methods where the layers are periodic, such as Bragg mirrors, holey photonic crystal fiber, and omniguides.

Abstract: Targeted molecular bar codes and methods for using the same are provided. The subject targeted molecular bar codes include a molecular bar code and a member of a specific binding pair, where the specific binding pair member is generally bonded to the bar code through a linking group. The subject molecular bar code may be read during translocation through a single nano-meter scale pore. The subject targeted molecular bar codes find use in a variety of different applications involving analyte detection, such as screening and diagnostic applications.

Abstract: Systems and methods for analysis of polymers, e.g., polynucleotides, are provided. The systems are capable of analyzing a polymer at a specified rate. One such analysis system includes a structure having a nanopore aperture and a molecular motor, e.g., a polymerase, adjacent the nanopore aperture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting a double-stranded region in a nucleic acid by (1) providing two separate, adjacent pools of a medium and a interface between the two pools, the interface having a channel so dimensioned as to allow sequential monomer-by-monomer passage of a single-stranded nucleic acid, but not of a double-stranded nucleic acid, from one pool to the other pool; (2) placing a nucleic acid polymer in one of the two pools; and (3) taking measurements as each of the nucleotide monomers of the single-stranded nucleic acid polymer passes through the channel so as to differentiate between nucleotide monomers that are hybridized to another nucleotide monomer before entering the channel and nucleotide monomers that are not hybridized to another nucleotide monomer before entering the channel.