Abstract: A valvuloplasty catheter comprises a balloon or other expansible shell which carries a plurality of scoring elements, typically formed in an elastic, self-closing metal cage. The expansible shell and scoring elements are positioned inside an aortic or other cardiac valve, and the shell expanded to engage the scoring elements against stenotic material which covers the valve leaflets and valve annulus. The scoring elements uniformly distributed force to break up the stenotic material, and the cage further contributes to rapid balloon deflation allowing shortening of the treatment time.

Abstract: A tunable millimeter-wave (mmw) DNP probe head is disclosed that is compatible with efficient H/X/Y/e? DNP in samples that may have volume large compared to ?03, where ?0 is the free-space wavelength at the frequency fe of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) when placed in an external polarizing field B0, where B0 is typically in the range of 6.5 T to 35 T, corresponding to fe in the range of 180-1000 GHz, and corresponding to proton resonance frequency fH in the range of 280 MHz to 1500 MHz. The probe head comprises a tune cavity of adjustable volume, a sample cavity that is large compared to the sample wavelength, a tapered conical feed transition filled with a high dielectric material at the small end, and a selectively reflective wall that is substantially reflective of electromagnetic radiation at fe but substantially transparent to electromagnetic radiation at fH.

Abstract: A valvuloplasty catheter comprises a balloon or other expansible shell which carries a plurality of scoring elements, typically formed in an elastic, self-closing metal cage. The expansible shell and scoring elements are positioned inside an aortic or other cardiac valve, and the shell expanded to engage the scoring elements against stenotic material which covers the valve leaflets and valve annulus. The scoring elements uniformly distributed force to break up the stenotic material, and the cage further contributes to rapid balloon deflation allowing shortening of the treatment time.

Abstract: A tunable millimeter-wave (mmw) DNP probe head is disclosed that is compatible with efficient H/X/Y/e? DNP in samples that may have volume large compared to ?03, where ?0 is the free-space wavelength at the frequency fe of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) when placed in an external polarizing field B0, where B0 is typically in the range of 6.5 T to 35 T, corresponding to fe in the range of 180-1000 GHz, and corresponding to proton resonance frequency fH in the range of 280 MHz to 1500 MHz. The probe head comprises a tune cavity of adjustable volume, a sample cavity that is large compared to the sample wavelength, a tapered conical feed transition filled with a high dielectric material at the small end, and a selectively reflective wall that is substantially reflective of electromagnetic radiation at fe but substantially transparent to electromagnetic radiation at fH.

Abstract: A valvuloplasty catheter comprises a balloon or other expansible shell which carries a plurality of scoring elements, typically formed in an elastic, self-closing metal cage. The expansible shell and scoring elements are positioned inside an aortic or other cardiac valve, and the shell expanded to engage the scoring elements against stenotic material which covers the valve leaflets and valve annulus. The scoring elements uniformly distributed force to break up the stenotic material, and the cage further contributes to rapid balloon deflation allowing shortening of the treatment time.

Abstract: A valvuloplasty catheter comprises a balloon or other expansible shell which carries a plurality of scoring elements, typically formed in an elastic, self-dosing metal cage. The expansible shell and scoring elements are positioned inside an aortic or other cardiac valve, and the shell expanded to engage the scoring elements against stenotic material which covers the valve leaflets and valve annulus. The scoring elements uniformly districuted force to break up the stenotic material, and the cage further contributes to rapid balloon deflation allowing shortening of the treatment time.

Abstract: A valvuloplasty catheter comprises a balloon or other expansible shell which carries a plurality of scoring elements, typically formed in an elastic, self-closing metal cage. The expansible shell and scoring elements are positioned inside an aortic or other cardiac valve, and the shell expanded to engage the scoring elements against stenotic material which covers the valve leaflets and valve annulus. The scoring elements uniformly distributed force to break up the stenotic material, and the cage further contributes to rapid balloon deflation allowing shortening of the treatment time.

Abstract: A valvuloplasty catheter comprises a balloon or other expansible shell which carries a plurality of scoring elements, typically formed in an elastic, self-closing metal cage. The expansible shell and scoring elements are positioned inside an aortic or other cardiac valve, and the shell expanded to engage the scoring elements against stenotic material which covers the valve leaflets and valve annulus. The scoring elements uniformly distributed force to break up the stenotic material, and the cage further contributes to rapid balloon deflation allowing shortening of the treatment time.

Abstract: Intravascular devices and a method of delivering at least one therapeutic agent. The device includes an elongate element with proximal and distal portions and at least first and second lumens provided therein. The first lumen is adapted for delivering at least one therapeutic agent. The second lumen is adapted for allowing fluid therethrough. An expandable member is disposed adjacent to the distal portion of the elongate element. At least one tip cut is provided in a distal tip portion of the elongate element. The at least one tip cut is adapted for providing flexibility to the elongate element. The method includes providing an elongate element. Spacing of at least one tip cut is varied during positioning of the elongate element within a vessel. The vessel is occluded with the elongate element. The at least one therapeutic agent is delivered to tissue adjacent the occluded vessel.

Abstract: A valvuloplasty catheter comprises a balloon or other expansible shell which carries a plurality of scoring elements, typically formed in an elastic, self-closing metal cage. The expansible shell and scoring elements are positioned inside an aortic or other cardiac valve, and the shell expanded to engage the scoring elements against stenotic material which covers the valve leaflets and valve annulus. The scoring elements uniformly distributed force to break up the stenotic material, and the cage further contributes to rapid balloon deflation allowing shortening of the treatment time.

Abstract: A system for applying a polymer (hydrogel) to the inner surface of a vessel by photopolymerization includes a catheter having a first inflatable member and a guidewire having a second inflatable member. The catheter has an extended tip distal to the first inflatable member that includes multiple perfusion ports. A light emission coil is disposed on the extended tip with individual coil loops interspaced with the perfusion ports. In a method, the guidewire is delivered to a treatment site within a vessel. The catheter is delivered to the treatment site over the guidewire. The inflatable members are inflated to form an enclosed treatment space within the vessel. A photoinitiator is delivered to the enclosed treatment space. Excess photoinitiator is flushed from the treatment space, and a prepolymer is delivered. The prepolymer is cured by light delivered by the light emission coil.

Abstract: A system for applying a polymer (hydrogel) to the inner surface of a vessel by photopolymerization includes an inner catheter received within an outer catheter and a fluid channeling structure mounted on the catheters with its proximal end attached to the outer catheter and its distal end attached to the inner catheter. The fluid channeling structure includes an elastomeric sleeve sandwiched between an inner elastic coil and an outer light emission coil. Light emission coil loops are interspaced with elastic coil loops. The light emission coil has a smaller diameter than the elastic coil, drawing the elastomeric sleeve down between loops of the elastic coil to form a helical channel. The coils and sleeve are stretched to provide a narrowed crossing profile for delivery, and are contracted at a treatment site to form a helical cavity between the sleeve and the vessel wall within which to perform interfacial photopolymerization.

Abstract: A system for applying a polymer (hydrogel) to the inner surface of a vessel by photopolymerization includes a catheter having a first inflatable member and a guidewire having a second inflatable member. The catheter has an extended tip distal to the first inflatable member that includes multiple perfusion ports. A light emission coil is disposed on the extended tip with individual coil loops interspaced with the perfusion ports. In a method, the guidewire is delivered to a treatment site within a vessel. The catheter is delivered to the treatment site over the guidewire. The inflatable members are inflated to form an enclosed treatment space within the vessel. A photoinitiator is delivered to the enclosed treatment space. Excess photoinitiator is flushed from the treatment space, and a prepolymer is delivered. The prepolymer is cured by light delivered by the light emission coil.

Abstract: A system for applying a polymer (hydrogel) to the inner surface of a vessel by photopolymerization includes a catheter having a first inflatable member and a guidewire having a second inflatable member. The catheter has an extended tip distal to the first inflatable member that includes multiple perfusion ports. A light emission coil is disposed on the extended tip with individual coil loops interspaced with the perfusion ports. In a method, the guidewire is delivered to a treatment site within a vessel. The catheter is delivered to the treatment site over the guidewire. The inflatable members are inflated to form an enclosed treatment space within the vessel. A photoinitiator is delivered to the enclosed treatment space. Excess photoinitiator is flushed from the treatment space, and a prepolymer is delivered. The prepolymer is cured by light delivered by the light emission coil.

Abstract: A system for applying a polymer (hydrogel) to the inner surface of a vessel by photopolymerization includes an inner catheter received within an outer catheter and a fluid channeling structure mounted on the catheters with its proximal end attached to the outer catheter and its distal end attached to the inner catheter. The fluid channeling structure includes an elastomeric sleeve sandwiched between an inner elastic coil and an outer light emission coil. Light emission coil loops are interspaced with elastic coil loops. The light emission coil has a smaller diameter than the elastic coil, drawing the elastomeric sleeve down between loops of the elastic coil to form a helical channel. The coils and sleeve are stretched to provide a narrowed crossing profile for delivery, and are contracted at a treatment site to form a helical cavity between the sleeve and the vessel wall within which to perform interfacial photopolymerization.

Abstract: A system for applying a polymer (hydrogel) to the inner surface of a vessel by photopolymerization includes an inner catheter received within an outer catheter and a fluid channeling structure mounted on the catheters with its proximal end attached to the outer catheter and its distal end attached to the inner catheter. The fluid channeling structure includes an elastomeric sleeve sandwiched between an inner elastic coil and an outer light emission coil. Light emission coil loops are interspaced with elastic coil loops. The light emission coil has a smaller diameter than the elastic coil, drawing the elastomeric sleeve down between loops of the elastic coil to form a helical channel. The coils and sleeve are stretched to provide a narrowed crossing profile for delivery, and are contracted at a treatment site to form a helical cavity between the sleeve and the vessel wall within which to perform interfacial photopolymerization.

Abstract: An implantable medical device includes a substrate, a drug-impregnated layer deposited over the substrate, and a barrier layer at least partially covering the drug-impregnated layer. The barrier layer may be a biodegradable metal, biodegradable metal oxide, or biodegradable metal alloy, such as, magnesium, a magnesium oxide or a magnesium alloy. The drug-impregnated layer includes a therapeutic substance, such as, antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, anticoagulant, fibrinolytic, thrombin inhibitor, antimitotic, antiallergic, and antiproliferative substances.

Abstract: Bioabsorbable magnesium-reinforced polymer stents are disclosed. Additionally, bioabsorbable magnesium-reinforced polymer stents are disclosed which elute therapeutic agents.

Abstract: A photopolymerization system includes a catheter having a proximal inflatable member, a distal inflatable member, a fluid delivery lumen, and a fluid drainage lumen. The fluid delivery lumen includes at least one delivery port and the fluid drainage lumen at least one drainage port. The ports are positioned between the proximal inflatable member and the distal inflatable member. A light emission member is positioned adjacent the catheter. In a method of treating a vascular condition, the catheter is delivered to a treatment site within a vessel. The first and second inflatable members are expanded to form an enclosed treatment space within the vessel. Fluid is delivered to the treatment space through fluid delivery lumen. Excess fluid is removed from the treatment space through the fluid drainage lumen. The treatment space is exposed to light. A portion of the fluid is polymerized within the treatment space upon exposure to the light.

Abstract: A stent, a stent delivery system, and a method of treating a vascular condition. The system includes a catheter, an inflatable member operably attached to the catheter, and a biodegradable stent disposed on the inflatable member. The stent includes a biodegradable flexible elongate member including an elongate member wall surrounding a cavity. A biodegradable reinforcing member is positioned within or adjacent the elongate member wall to support the biodegradable sleeve. A biodegradable photo-curable polymer positioned within the cavity. The method includes delivering a biodegradable stent having a cavity filled with a pre-polymer to a treatment site. A balloon is expanded to position the stent at the treatment site. The pre-polymer positioned within the stent cavity is photopolymerized. The deployed stent is supported in a radial direction with a biodegradable reinforcing member.