Abstract: A fluid coking process is provided in which a fresh carbonaceous feed is coked in a transfer line first coking zone positioned in a fluidized bed second coking zone. A heavy oil coker product is recycled to the fluidized bed second coking zone maintained at a lower temperature than the first coking zone. This process permits low severity coking of the fresh carbonceous feed and higher severity coking of the recycle oil, thereby minimizing conversion to coke and gas and increasing yield of normally liquid products.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon feed injection method is provided in which concentric inlet conduits carry hydrocarbon liquid and steam. Small nozzles located on the outer steam-carrying conduit discharge steam in the direction of the inner wall of the transfer line reactor to protect the inner wall from carbonaceous deposits. The hydrocarbon feed nozzles are staged along a line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the transfer line.

Abstract: A delayed coking process is conducted at a relatively low temperature with the introduction of a gas into the coking drum to strip volatile matter from the coke product and to form coke containing 6 to 12 weight percent volatile matter. Low temperature delayed coking decreases the amount of coke yield, calculated on a volatile-free basis, and increases liquid yield.

Abstract: A tungsten-containing catalyst associated with coke containing vanadium and nickel is recovered by a method which includes steam gasification, low temperature burning to remove at least a portion of the coke and selective extraction of the nickel and vanadium.

Abstract: A delayed coking process is provided in which the fresh hydrocarbonaceous oil feed is divided into at least two streams. One stream is introduced directly into the preheating zone of the coking zone and one stream is introduced into the coker product fractionator. The fractionator bottoms fraction is recycled to the preheating zone as a separate stream from the fresh feed stream. The separate preheated fresh feed stream is introduced into the top of the coking zone and the preheated recycled fractionator bottoms fraction is introduced into the bottom of the coking zone. The given fresh feed splitting configuration permits decreasing the recycle rate of the heavy coker product and increasing liquid yield while the top and bottom feeding to the coking zone permit subjecting the given streams to different severity of coking.

Abstract: A delayed coking process is provided in which the fresh hydrocarbonaceous oil feed is divided into at least two streams. One stream is introduced directly into the preheating zone of the coking zone and one stream is introduced into the coker product fractionator. The fractionator bottoms fraction is recycled to the preheating zone. The given fresh feed splitting configuration permits decreasing the recycle rate of the heavy coker product and increasing liquid yield.

Abstract: A staged hydrocarbon hydroconversion process is provided in which a portion of the product boiling up to an atmospheric pressure distillation cut point of about 1050.degree. F. is removed between the stages and in which the first stage is operated at lower severity than the second stage.

Abstract: The liquid product of a slurry hydrogen treating zone is separated into fractions in the same separation zone used to obtain the heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil fraction used as feed for the hydrogen treating zone. A separate portion of coarser solids is withdrawn from the hydrogen treating zone.

Abstract: A process for regenerating an alkylation catalyst comprising fluorosulfuric acid, said catalyst being at least partially deactivated, which comprises:(1) contacting at least a portion of the fluorosulfuric acid with water to form an acid-water mixture, thereby converting at least a portion of the fluorosulfuric acid therein to hydrogen fluoride and sulfuric acid;(2) removing at least a portion of the hydrogen fluoride from said acid-water mixture formed in step (1) by contacting same with a stripping agent to form a gaseous phase containing hydrogen fluoride and said stripping agent and a liquid phase containing sulfuric acid and sludge;(3) cooling the gas phase formed in step (2) to a temperature sufficient to form a mixed phase comprising at least a liquid phase containing hydrogen fluoride; and(4) treating the mixed phase formed in step (3) with sulfur trioxide under substantially liquid phase conditions so as to regenerate the fluorosulfuric acid.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of higher octane number products by the high intensity mixing of alkylation media, or media wherein olefins are alkylated by the addition thereto of isobutane. The alkylation reaction is conducted by contact between the reactants, which constitute a hydrocarbon phase, and an acid catalyst which constitutes an aqueous phase, the reactants being dispersed as an emulsion. It is found that when stirring an alkylation medium at above a certain threshold fluid mixing intensity, a C.sub.6 + Motor Octane Number (MON) improvement ranging from about 0.5, and generally from about 0.5 to about 3.3, can be obtained by alkylating olefins with isobutane at high acid concentration while maintaining an acid soluble oil content ranging to about 3 percent, preferably from about 0.1 to about 3 percent, and more preferably from about 0.5 to about 2.5 percent, based on the weight of the reaction mixture, exclusive of the hydrocarbon phase.