Abstract: The invention comprises an OCR catalyst reactor which includes passive spheres and catalyst particles having substantially the same size and separated on opposite sides of a distributor cone by a screen. The use of passive spheres of substantially the same size to the catalyst particles provides for a more uniform distribution of the gas liquid reactants charged into the reactor vessel. The screen is configured such that it provides a separation of the catalyst and the passive spheres while being sized to prevent plugging.

Abstract: Catalyst particles are presulfided in a treatment zone separate from a hydroconversion reaction zone. The presulfided catalyst is then added to a substantially packed bed of catalyst in the hydroconversion reaction zone at reaction pressure, so that the reactor is not shut down to replace catalyst. The presulfiding process is particularly beneficial for use in moving bed reactors for heavy oil conversion.

Abstract: This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed which substantially fills the entire volume of a reactor vessel. Catalyst are selected to be essentially the same density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed catalyst bed at the design feed rates. The liquid and gas components of the hydrocarbon feed stream flow into the bed of catalyst and a quenching medium, which is preferably a liquid, is injected into the bed of catalyst. Injection of a liquid quench reduces the gas component of the hydrocarbon feed stream while simultaneously increasing the residence time and reducing the liquid velocity of the liquid component of the hydrocarbon feed stream within the substantially packed bed of catalyst.

Abstract: An apparatus for quenching in hydroprocessing of a hydrocarbon feed stream, which provides a substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed which substantially fills the entire volume of a reactor vessel. Catalyst are selected to be essentially the same density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed catalyst bed at the design feed rates. The liquid and gas components of the hydrocarbon feed stream flow into the bed of catalyst and a quenching medium, which is preferably a liquid, is injected into the bed of catalyst. Injection of a liquid quench reduces the gas component of the hydrocarbon feed stream while simultaneously increasing the residence time and reducing the liquid velocity of the liquid component of the hydrocarbon feed stream within the substantially packed bed of catalyst.

Abstract: A light-weight and easily manufacturable catalyst support structure is provided, which allows fluid flow into a catalyst bed in uniform distribution. The support structure is formed in a cone-like shape in which the diameter enlarges upward. The support structure comprises a shell-like support member, a first mesh layer comprising thick mesh elements, and a second mesh layer having a mesh size which does not allow catalytic particulates to pass through. The first mesh layer overlays the support member, and the second mesh layer overlays the first mesh layer. The shell-like support member includes a circular bottom plate extending perpendicular to the center line of the reactor, and a side wall having a truncated cone shape which extends upward from the edge of the bottom plate. The bottom plate and the side wall are primarily made of perforated plates through which the fluid passes. A plurality of cylindrical flow guides of different diameters are provided underneath the shell-like support member.

Abstract: This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed which substantially fills the entire volume of a reactor vessel. Catalyst are selected to be essentially the same density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed catalyst bed at the design feed rates. The liquid and gas components of the hydrocarbon feed stream flow into the bed of catalyst and a quenching medium, which is preferably a liquid, is injected into the bed of catalyst. Injection of a liquid quench reduces the gas component of the hydrocarbon feed stream while simultaneously increasing the residence time and reducing the liquid velocity of the liquid component of the hydrocarbon feed stream within the substantially packed bed of catalyst.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a spent copper-porous refractory metal oxide carrier composite sorbent for removing sulfur-containing compounds from naphthas in which the spent sorbent is optionally stripped of absorbed naphtha, oxidized to convert absorbed sulfur to sulfates or sulfur dioxide, optionally reduced to further convert absorbed sulfur to sulfur dioxide, and, finally, impregnated with fresh copper via contact with an aqueous solution of a copper salt followed by drying and calcining to convert the salt to copper oxide or copper metal whereby a substantial portion of the sulfur sorbent activity and lifetime of the sorbent is restored.

Abstract: A rapid adiabatic pressure swing adsorption system for oxygen production using two or three beds of crystalline zeolite molecular sieve.

Abstract: An intruder alarm security device includes a source of fluid under pressure which serves as a medium for oscillating a diaphragm at the throat of a horn to create an audible warning signal. The intruder alarm includes an actuator, a plunger assembly and connecting structure for coupling rotary movement of the actuator to longitudinal movement of the plunger assembly to open communication between the diaphragm and the source of fluid. The or connecting coupling structure includes a lost motion connection so that the plunger assembly is controlled by the actuator only to the point of opening the communication. And, the plunger assembly includes an orifice member for metering the flow of medium to the diaphragm, yet, first is capable of allowing any entrained particulate from a closure of the source to clear the device.

Abstract: An electronic system having a chime and strike program simulating the program of a Westminster clock including an actuating source, a solid state integrated circuit and a loud speaker. The integrated circuit includes a plurality of counters for activating a frequency synthesizer and both tone switching and generating circuits thereby to generate the strike and chime program on the hour and a chime program on the other quarter hours indicative of the time throughout a 24-hour period. The chime program is sequenced by a chime matrix.