Abstract: An apparatus and method for the desalinization of salt water utilizing a humidity chamber under partial vacuum and a water collection structure to collect fresh water product. Saltwater having a first temperature and cooling water contained in a condenser having a second temperature lower than the first temperature are introduced into the humidity chamber via a solar powered vacuum pump. A temperature gradient created by a difference in temperature between the saltwater and cooling water in combination with a partial vacuum (e.g., 10-20%) created by a solar powered vacuum pump is used to distill salt-free water from the saltwater with high efficiency. The temperature gradient is created in part by the use of a salinity gradient solar pond. The salt-free water is obtained by condensation of the water on a collection surface cooled by the cooling water followed by collection of the water in a storage apparatus.

Abstract: A desalinization process and apparatus utilizing a humidity chamber having a saltwater structure; a cooling water structure and a salt-free water collection structure. Saltwater having a first temperature and cooling water having a second temperature are introduced into the humidity chamber. The temperature difference between the saltwater and the water running through the water coil create a temperature gradient causing salt-free water to distill from the saltwater. The salt-free water is then collected.

Abstract: A fluid applicating apparatus is provided for use with a cartridge 10 having a self-sealing, penetrable membrane 16 and an inner volume containing fluid to be dispensed. The applicating apparatus includes an applicator 48 located at one end of an elongated body 20, the applicator being formed of a porous, compressible material. The flow of fluid between the inner volume of the cartridge 10 and the applicator 48 is controlled by providing a penetrating member 34 movable between a first position in which it penetrates the membrane 16 and permits fluid communication between the inner volume and the applicator 48 and a second position in which it is extracted from the inner volume. The membrane 16 seals off the inner volume upon removal of the penetrating member such that fluid does not leak from the inner volume when the penetrating member is withdrawn.