Abstract: A linear monobasic aliphatic carboxylic acid is used with low levels of molybdate and a hydrocarbyl triazole to produce a well balanced corrosion inhibiting formulation with very low solids to minimize potential deposits and exhibit surprising long life characteristics in engine coolant applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous concentrated corrosion inhibition formulations suitable for addition to depleted antifreeze/coolant compositions or corrosive water that use a mixture of polymeric polycarboxylates, azoles, nitrate salts, phosphates, stabilized silicates and transition metal compounds which reduces the corrosion rate and is effective at relatively low concentrations. The formulations are particularly suitable for automotive applications.

Abstract: A removal and refill apparatus for use in removing and/or refilling coolant in an automotive cooling system. The automotive cooling system typically includes a radiator, overflow bottle, engine, water pump, and heater core elements. A method for utilizing the coolant removal and refill apparatus utilizing vacuum and pressure is described for use with the removal and refill apparatus.

Abstract: A removal and refill apparatus for use in removing and/or refilling coolant in an automotive cooling system. The automotive cooling system typically includes a radiator, overflow bottle, engine, water pump, and heater core elements. A method for utilizing the coolant removal and refill apparatus utilizing vacuum and pressure is described for use with the removal and refill apparatus.

Abstract: In an automotive cooling system made up of a radiator, overflow bottle, engine and heater core members, a method of removing spent antifreeze therefrom involves applying air pressure at the highest vertical point of the cooling system members, and draining the antifreeze via the lowest vertical point thereof. A method of refill via the radiator or pressurized overflow bottle involves utilization of a refill element with vacuum and coolant prongs. Simultaneous vacuum and refill of coolant is achieved with the refill element.

Abstract: A coolant or antifreeze composition has one or more glycols or glycol ethers in combination with water, one or more additives, and an effective amount of one or more perfluoro-gem-diphosphonates as corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: A coolant or antifreeze composition has one or more glycols or glycol ethers in combination with water, one or more additives, and an effective amount of 1-hydroxyoctylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid or 1-hydroxydodecylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid as a corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antifreeze/coolant composition with polymeric polycarboxylates which prevents hard water precipitants and scale formation, is soluble in alcohol and alcohol/water mixtures, is compatible with other commonly used antifreeze/coolant components, does not corrode or damage automotive cooling systems and is effective at relatively low concentrations.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antifreeze/coolant additive comprising polymeric polycarboxylates which reduces the corrosion rate of heat rejecting aluminum, and is effective at relatively low concentrations.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antifreeze/coolant composition with polymeric polycarboxylates which reduces the corrosion rate of heat rejecting aluminum, and is effective at relatively low concentrations.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antifreeze/coolant additive comprising polymeric polycarboxylates which resists cavitation erosion-corrosion of aluminum and aluminum alloys, is effective at relatively low concentrations and at varying pH.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antifreeze/coolant additive comprising polymeric polycarboxylates which prevents hard water precipitants and scale formation, is soluble in alcohol and alcohol/water mixtures, is compatible with other commonly used antifreeze/coolant components, does not corrode or damage automotive cooling systems and is effective at relatively low concentrations.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antifreeze/coolant composition with polymeric polycarboxylates which resists cavitation erosion-corrosion of aluminum and aluminum alloys, is effective at relatively low concentrations and at varying pH.

Abstract: Non-corrosive anti-freeze solutions for automotive cooling systems include an anti-corrosive effective amount of a sodium silicate corrosion inhibitor. The sodium silicate has an unusually low ratio of silica to sodium oxide of greater than 1.0 to about 2.5. This relatively low ratio of silica to sodium oxide prevents gelation from occurring while maintaining maximum anti-corrosive effectiveness of alcohol-based solutions containing the same.

Abstract: Non-corrosive anti-freeze solutions for automotive cooling systems include an anti-corrosive effective amount of a sodium silicate corrosion inhibitor, and sodium nitrate. The sodium silicate has an unusually low ratio of silica to sodium oxide of greater than 1.0 to about 2.4. This relatively low ratio of silica to sodium oxide prevents gelation from occurring while the synergistic combination of the sodium silicate and sodium nitrate maintains maximum anti-corrosive effectiveness of alcohol-based solutions containing the same.

Abstract: A coolant or antifreeze composition has one or more glycols or glycol ethers in combination with water, one or more additives, and an effective amount of 1-hydroxyoctylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid or 1-hydroxydodecylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid as a corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: Cooling system cleaning solutions containing an EDTA salt, a polyhydroxy mono- or dicarboxylic sugar acid, and a soluble nitrate salt are effective in removing scale, corrosion, and solder bloom from cooling systems.

Abstract: Cooling system cleaning solutions containing an EDTA salt, sorbitol, and a soluble nitrate salt are effective in removing scale, corrosion, and solder bloom from cooling systems without blackening aluminum, and can be formulated into concentrates having enhanced storage stability.

Abstract: A discrete device in which a capacitive and inductive function has been integrated is comprised of at least two insulated amorphous ribbons which are spirally wound to form a cylindrical toroid. Each of the amorphous metal ribbons is insulated from each other ribbon by a dielectric layer and wound in a stacked configuration to provide the capacitive function. Two conductive windings are then wrapped around segments of the cylindrical toroid to provide inductive and/or transforming functions as desired. A magnetic circuit is formed through the windings by the amorphous metal ribbons. A dielectric insulating layer between the ribbons is offset from the longitudinal edge of the ribbon so that the longitudinal edge of each ribbon is exposed. One ribbon has its longitudinal edge exposed on one surface of the toroid while another ribbon has its longitudinal edge exposed on the opposing surface of the toroid.

Abstract: A low-profile, high-frequency power transformer is comprised of a plurality of insulated ferrite slabs formed in a stacked array. In one embodiment a pair of slots are defined through the stacked array of insulated slabs. A single-turn metallic ribbon conductor is then looped through each pair of slots to form a corresponding first and second loop which are coupled in a magnetic flux circuit with each other through the stack. The distance separating one pair of slots is unequal to the distance separating the other pair of slots so that the loops formed by the ribbons have a corresponding unequal cross section. Hence the ratio of the voltages on the ribbons is proportional to the ratio of the respective cross-sectional areas of the ribbon loops. In another embodiment, a third ribbon is added having a cross-sectional loop area equivalent to the second ribbon to provide symmetrical, single-turn output coils.