Abstract: An internal combustion engine emissions reduction system in which a emissions passing through a second catalyst element having a second catalyst function are mixed with emissions passing through a first catalyst element having a first catalyst function.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine emissions reduction system in which a emissions passing through a second catalyst element having a second catalyst function are mixed with emissions passing through a first catalyst element having a first catalyst function.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine emissions reduction system in which a emissions passing through a second catalyst element having a second catalyst function are mixed with emissions passing through a first catalyst element having a first catalyst function.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine emissions reduction system in which a emissions passing through a second catalyst element having a second catalyst function are mixed with emissions passing through a first catalyst element having a first catalyst function.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine emissions reduction system in which a emissions passing through a second catalyst element having a second catalyst function are mixed with emissions passing through a first catalyst element having a first catalyst function.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine emissions reduction system in which a emissions passing through a second catalyst element having a second catalyst function are mixed with emissions passing through a first catalyst element having a first catalyst function.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine emissions reduction system in which a emissions passing through a second catalyst element having a second catalyst function are mixed with emissions passing through a first catalyst element having a first catalyst function.

Abstract: Several embodiments of high-efficiency catalytic converters and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalytic converter for treating a flow of exhaust gas comprising a reaction chamber, a heating enclosure enclosing at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and an optional coolant channel encasing the heating enclosure. The reaction chamber can have a first end section through which the exhaust gas flows into the reaction chamber and a second end section from which the exhaust gas exits the reaction chamber. The heating enclosure is configured to contain heated gas along the exterior of the reaction chamber, and the optional coolant channel is configured to contain a flow of coolant around the heating enclosure. The catalytic converter can further include a catalytic element in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Intake and exhaust valve seat inserts for aircraft cylinder heads. The inserts are configured for low pressure loss as inlet air and hot exhaust gas passes through the respective valve seat inserts. In an embodiment, the intake and exhaust valve seat inserts may have a plurality of faces or facets, at prescribed angles, in order to minimize pressure loss of gases passing therethrough. In an embodiment, rather than a plurality of faces or facets, the intake valve seat sidewall, and/or the exhaust valve seat sidewall may be provided in the configuration of a smooth curve approximating a set of selected angles, as if the component were made with a plurality of facets.

Abstract: An aircraft cylinder head with low pressure loss inlet passageways and exhaust passageways. In an embodiment, the combustion air inlet passageway includes a multi-lobed configuration that reduces pressure drop through the inlet passageway. In an embodiment, the hot exhaust gas passageway provides a shaped design that increases flow velocity yet reduces pressure drop. In an embodiment, an improved intake valve is provided, shaped to reduce creation of turbulence as inlet air flows past the inlet valve. In an embodiment, an improved exhaust valve is provided, shaped to reduce pressure losses as exhaust gases exit the cylinder.

Abstract: Several embodiments of high-efficiency catalytic converters and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalytic converter for treating a flow of exhaust gas comprising a reaction chamber, a heating enclosure enclosing at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and an optional coolant channel encasing the heating enclosure. The reaction chamber can have a first end section through which the exhaust gas flows into the reaction chamber and a second end section from which the exhaust gas exits the reaction chamber. The heating enclosure is configured to contain heated gas along the exterior of the reaction chamber, and the optional coolant channel is configured to contain a flow of coolant around the heating enclosure. The catalytic converter can further include a catalytic element in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Several embodiments of high-efficiency catalytic converters and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalytic converter for treating a flow of exhaust gas comprising a reaction chamber, a heating enclosure enclosing at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and an optional coolant channel encasing the heating enclosure. The reaction chamber can have a first end section through which the exhaust gas flows into the reaction chamber and a second end section from which the exhaust gas exits the reaction chamber. The heating enclosure is configured to contain heated gas along the exterior of the reaction chamber, and the optional coolant channel is configured to contain a flow of coolant around the heating enclosure. The catalytic converter can further include a catalytic element in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Intake and exhaust valve seat inserts for aircraft cylinder heads. The inserts are configured for low pressure loss as inlet air and hot exhaust gas passes through the respective valve seat inserts. In an embodiment, the intake and exhaust valve seat inserts may have a plurality of faces or facets, at prescribed angles, in order to minimize pressure loss of gases passing therethrough. In an embodiment, rather than a plurality of faces or facets, the intake valve seat sidewall, and/or the exhaust valve seat sidewall may be a provided in the configuration of a smooth curve approximating a set of selected angles, as if the component were made with a plurality of facets.

Abstract: Several embodiments of high-efficiency catalytic converters and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalytic converter for treating a flow of exhaust gas comprising a reaction chamber, a heating enclosure enclosing at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and an optional coolant channel encasing the heating enclosure. The reaction chamber can have a first end section through which the exhaust gas flows into the reaction chamber and a second end section from which the exhaust gas exits the reaction chamber. The heating enclosure is configured to contain heated gas along the exterior of the reaction chamber, and the optional coolant channel is configured to contain a flow of coolant around the heating enclosure. The catalytic converter can further include a catalytic element in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: An aircraft cylinder head with low pressure loss inlet passageways and exhaust passageways. In an embodiment, the combustion air inlet passageway includes a multi-lobed configuration that reduces pressure drop through the inlet passageway. In an embodiment, the hot exhaust gas passageway provides a shaped design that increases flow velocity yet reduces pressure drop. In an embodiment, an improved intake valve is provided, shaped to reduce creation of turbulence as inlet air flows past the inlet valve. In an embodiment, an improved exhaust valve is provided, shaped to reduce pressure losses as exhaust gases exit the cylinder.

Abstract: Several embodiments of high-efficiency catalytic converters and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalytic converter for treating a flow of exhaust gas comprising a reaction chamber, a heating enclosure enclosing at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and an optional coolant channel encasing the heating enclosure. The reaction chamber can have a first end section through which the exhaust gas flows into the reaction chamber and a second end section from which the exhaust gas exits the reaction chamber. The heating enclosure is configured to contain heated gas along the exterior of the reaction chamber, and the optional coolant channel is configured to contain a flow of coolant around the heating enclosure. The catalytic converter can further include a catalytic element in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Several embodiments of high-efficiency catalytic converters and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalytic converter for treating a flow of exhaust gas comprising a reaction chamber, a heating enclosure enclosing at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and an optional coolant channel encasing the heating enclosure. The reaction chamber can have a first end section through which the exhaust gas flows into the reaction chamber and a second end section from which the exhaust gas exits the reaction chamber. The heating enclosure is configured to contain heated gas along the exterior of the reaction chamber, and the optional coolant channel is configured to contain a flow of coolant around the heating enclosure. The catalytic converter can further include a catalytic element in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Several embodiments of high-efficiency catalytic converters and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalytic converter for treating a flow of exhaust gas comprising a reaction chamber, a heating enclosure enclosing at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and an optional coolant channel encasing the heating enclosure. The reaction chamber can have a first end section through which the exhaust gas flows into the reaction chamber and a second end section from which the exhaust gas exits the reaction chamber. The heating enclosure is configured to contain heated gas along the exterior of the reaction chamber, and the optional coolant channel is configured to contain a flow of coolant around the heating enclosure. The catalytic converter can further include a catalytic element in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Several embodiments of high-efficiency catalytic converters and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalytic converter for treating a flow of exhaust gas comprising a reaction chamber, a heating enclosure enclosing at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and an optional coolant channel encasing the heating enclosure. The reaction chamber can have a first end section through which the exhaust gas flows into the reaction chamber and a second end section from which the exhaust gas exits the reaction chamber. The heating enclosure is configured to contain heated gas along the exterior of the reaction chamber, and the optional coolant channel is configured to contain a flow of coolant around the heating enclosure. The catalytic converter can further include a catalytic element in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Several embodiments of high-efficiency catalytic converters and associated systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, a catalytic converter for treating a flow of exhaust gas comprising a reaction chamber, a heating enclosure enclosing at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and an optional coolant channel encasing the heating enclosure. The reaction chamber can have a first end section through which the exhaust gas flows into the reaction chamber and a second end section from which the exhaust gas exits the reaction chamber. The heating enclosure is configured to contain heated gas along the exterior of the reaction chamber, and the optional coolant channel is configured to contain a flow of coolant around the heating enclosure. The catalytic converter can further include a catalytic element in the reaction chamber.