Abstract: The train anti-derailment and braking system is configured for use with a train. The train anti-derailment and braking system is an emergency device that secures and slows the train in circumstances where a load wheel is about to be separated from a rail. The train anti-derailment and braking system further forms a sacrificial structure that can be used as a supplemental braking system in emergency situations. The train anti-derailment and braking system comprises an anti-derailment structure and a braking structure. The anti-derailment structure is a mechanical apparatus that secures and slows the train in potential derailment situations. The braking structure is a mechanical device that forces the anti-derailment structure into the rail in emergency situations.