Abstract: A circuit is set up for a container or vessel (10) as shown in FIG. 1, which has a microphone (20), a speaker (30), a frequency control device (40) volume control device (50), an amplifier (60), a frequency reader (70) and a spectrum analyzer (80). The oscillation in the circuit is created by applying power to the amplifier (60) which creates an initial fixed standing wave that does not move. Adjusting or changing components, invokes a new behavior of the circuit which is parasitic in nature and reading of oscillating frequency on the frequency reader (70) determines the change of conditions inside the vessel or container. The method is non-intrusive, and the method of this invention can also be used for measurement of miniscule quantities in microns or micro liters such as that of biofilm or algal growth.

Abstract: A circuit is set up for a container or vessel (10) as shown in FIG. 1, which has a microphone (20), a speaker (30), a frequency control device (40) volume control device (50), an amplifier (60), a frequency reader (70) and a spectrum analyzer (80). The oscillation in the circuit is created by applying power to the amplifier (60) which creates an initial fixed standing wave that does not move. Adjusting or changing components, invokes a new behavior of the circuit which is parasitic in nature and reading of oscillating frequency on the frequency reader (70) determines the change of conditions inside the vessel or container. The method is non-intrusive, and the method of this invention can also be used for measurement of miniscule quantities in microns or micro liters such as that of biofilm or algal growth.

Abstract: In accordance with this invention are methods for making the novel compositions and methods of using the compositions for polymerization of olefins. In its broadest form, the method of producing the supported catalytic composition of the present invention comprises treating an inorganic or inorganic oxide support which has incorporated uniformly therein a Group 3-10 transition metal from the Periodic Table with a metal alkylating reagent wherein the reaction product is then treated with a halogenating reagent. The resultant reaction product can be recovered and is available for use in conjunction with the activating co-catalyst for the polymerization of polyolefins.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a supported catalytic activator composition resulting from the contact of a catalyst support (formed by reaction of a carrier, such as an inorganic oxide (e.g., silica) and an organo halide such as bromo pentafluorobenzene in the presence of base) and a catalytic activator such as dimethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, and methods for making the same.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a supported catalyst composition resulting from contact of at least one transition metal catalyst precursor, such as a metallocene catalyst, and a support activator composition resulting from contact of a catalyst support (formed by reaction of a carrier, for example, an inorganic oxide (e.g., silica) and an organo halide such as bromo pentaflurobenzene in the presence of base) and a catalytic activator such as dimethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, and methods for making the same.

Abstract: The present invention is a halogenated support, supported activator and supported transition metal catalyst system involving reacting a carrier containing reactive functionalities with a halogenated organic in the presence of base and contacting a catalytic activator of the formula [C+]−1[M1(Q1−Qn+1)] and/or MnQn a transition metal catalytic precursor with the halogenated support.

Abstract: The present invention is a halogenated support, supported activator and supported transition metal catalyst system involving reacting a carrier containing reactive functionalities with a halogenated organic in the presence of base and contacting a catalytic activator of the formula [C+]−[Mn(Q1-Qn+1)] and/or MnQn a transition metal catalytic precursor with the halogenated support.

Abstract: A supported polyolefin catalyst activator, comprising a four coordinate anion having a direct chemical bond to a catalyst carrier, wherein said anion is comprised of a neutral, three coordinate compound, MR.sub.3, and a carrier having oxygen containing functionalities, wherein M is selected from the group comprising boron, tellurium, aluminum, gallium, indium and mixtures thereof, and R's can be the same or different and are selected from the group comprising alkyls, alkoxys, alkenyls, halogen substituted alkyls, alkoxys, and alkenyls, aryls, aryl halides, halides and mixtures thereof; and a cation counter ion to said anion, wherein said cation is a protonated base or a Lewis Acid capable of protonating or abstracting a moiety, such as an alkyl or aryl, from a transition metal containing catalyst precursor resulting in a cationic transition metal species.

Abstract: The present invention relates to catalyst supports and improvements thereof for use with supported activators and supported transition metal catalyst systems. The invention specifically involves reacting a carrier containing reactive functionalities, e.g., hydroxyl containing silica, with halogenated organic compounds, e.g., fluorosubstituted phenols. The reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a base. The reaction consumes undesired functionalities on the support to provide a halogenated support which is suitable for activators and catalytic precursors which are adversely affected by functionalities typically found on supports. The supported activators or catalytic precursors are prepared by contacting the precursors or activators with the halogenated support.