Abstract: A parser-translator technology allows a user to specify complex test and/or transformation statements in a high-level user language, to ensure that such test and/or transformation statements are well-formed in accordance with a grammar defining legal statements in the user language, and to translate statements defined by the user into logically and syntactically correct directives for performing the desired data transformations or operations. Using the parser-translator technology, a user can focus on the semantics of the desired operations and need not be concerned with the proper syntax of a language for a particular system. Instead, grammars (i.e., data) define the behavior of a parser-translator implementation by encoding the universe of statements (e.g., legal test and/or transformation statements) and by encoding translations appropriate to a particular data processing application (e.g., a data conversion program, etc.).

Abstract: An automatic broken-drill-pipe-intercoupling tool having, a body portion with, at one end, a female threaded adapted to cooperate with the threaded male end of the retrievable portion of a broken drill pipe and at the other end a tapered, multi-interwined-spiral bit portion, integral with the body portion, the body portion having flats thereon to permit tightening of the tool on the retrievable portion of the broken drill pipe.