Abstract: A method of making conductive material for a conducting device. The material is formed by reacting an organic pyrolyzable substance in the presence of a refractory oxide having a surface area of from about 1 to about 500 square meters per gram in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of at least 400.degree. C.

Abstract: Improved forms of electric resistance elements or resistors may be made from semiconducting organic-refractory oxide fibers, as for example drawn alumina fibers which have been subjected to contact with a pyrolyzable organic substance at a temperature above about 400.degree. C. A few, or a large number of the semiconductive fibers, can be used in a group or bundle form to provide a desired resistance for a particular resistor. A preferred form of resistance element will cover the fibers in a quartz tube or other suitable encapsulating material to preclude moisture problems.

Abstract: An improved form of solar heat absorbing tubing comprises a plastic material which contains small subdivided black body absorber particles being fully distributed throughout the thickness of the tubing. A preferred form of tubing will utilize electrical conductive carbon, or carbonized particles, in an amount to provide conductivity to the resulting tubing such that there may be electroplating or electrostatic spray coating for the tubing to still further enhance its absorptive and reradiation properties.