Abstract: An inhaler comprising an elongate housing containing a reservoir of inhalable composition. An outlet for the composition and suction port are provided at one end of the housing. A diaphragm is mounted in the housing defining a suction chamber such that suction on the suction port reduces the size of the suction chamber. An elongate leaf spring is mounted at one end to the housing at the end of the suction chamber opposite to the suction port, and is pivotally mounted at an intermediate portion about a pivot point. A valve element is at the end of the leaf spring opposite to the one end and is biased closed. Suction on the suction port deflects the diaphragm and hence the leaf spring between the one end and the pivot point causing the opposite end of the leaf spring to pivot about the pivot point thereby causing the valve element to open.

Abstract: An inhaler comprising an elongate housing containing a reservoir of inhalable composition. An outlet for the composition and suction port are provided at one end of the housing. A diaphragm is mounted in the housing defining a suction chamber such that suction on the suction port reduces the size of the suction chamber. An elongate leaf spring is mounted at one end to the housing at the end of the suction chamber opposite to the suction port, and is pivotally mounted at an intermediate portion about a pivot point. A valve element is at the end of the leaf spring opposite to the one end and is biased closed. Suction on the suction port deflects the diaphragm and hence the leaf spring between the one end and the pivot point causing the opposite end of the leaf spring to pivot about the pivot point thereby causing the valve element to open.

Abstract: A method of assembling and testing a simulated cigarette. Assembling the simulated cigarette to have an elongate main body containing a reservoir for an inhalable composition, a breath operated valve, and a refill valve. Testing the integrity of the reservoir requires applying a pressured gas to open the refill valve to pressurise the reservoir, measuring the pressure drop in the reservoir, and providing a pass indication if the pressure drop remains below a predetermined threshold. It also requires testing the breath operated valve by applying suction at an inhaling end, measuring the flow rate from the cigarette and providing a pass indication if the flow rate falls outside a predetermined limit.

Abstract: Testing apparatus comprising an air pump downstream of measuring equipment which measures the characteristics of an inhaler is provided. An induction port upstream of the measuring equipment has an adaptor connected at a first end. The adaptor comprises a through-bore extending through the adaptor from the first end to a second end to receive an inhaler and a bypass channel in communication with the through-bore. The invention also includes a testing method and the adapter.

Abstract: A combustion engine system and a method of operating the combustion engine system are disclosed. The combustion engine system includes a first fuel pump operatively coupled to a first prime mover and fluidly coupled to a fuel reservoir, a first power source operatively coupled to the first prime mover, the first power source including a first controller, a third fuel pump having an inlet that is fluidly coupled to a discharge of the first fuel pump, a first filter in fluid communication with the first fuel pump, a combustion engine fluidly coupled to a discharge of the third fuel pump and operative to convert fuel from the third fuel pump into shaft power. The first controller is configured to drive the first prime mover at a substantially constant power, independent of a rate of consumption of the fuel by the combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of enhancing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor effects in mammals. In particular, the invention provides methods for treating selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor dependent conditions such as depression. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of increasing the antidepressant activity of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (“SSRI”) by administering L-lysine-d-amphetamine in combination with an SSRI and to formulates containing the same. In a preferred aspect, the combination is administered in connection with a method of treating depression. One preferred SSRI is escitalopram. The preferred amphetamine prodrug is L-lysine-d-amphetamine.

Abstract: An exhaust gas mixer configured to turn exhaust gas including a reluctant into a backward flow is provided. The mixer is further configured to turn the backward flow into a forward flow and direct the exhaust gas into an SCR.

Abstract: A castor for shopping and hospital trolleys which provides enhanced steering and manoeuvrability of the trolley, wherein a fork (13) of the castor is freely rotatable on a first bearing (15) with respect to a first member (16) connected to the fork (13), while the first member (16) is also freely rotatable on a second bearing (20) with respect to a second member (21) connected to the first member by a bolt (17). The second member may be connected to a frame or chassis (24) of a load bearing object such as a trolley.