Abstract: Catalysts of the ZSM-5 synthetic zeolite type can be prepared by heating a mixture of a precursor for an alumina hydrate, a precursor for silica hydrogel, an alkali metal hydroxide and water together with an organic templating agent selected from the group of carboxymethylcellulose, the condensation product of an alkanolamine and a fatty acid and cellulose hydroxyethyl ether and therafter heating the reaction product under autogeneous conditions. Unlike prior proposals ZSM-5 which is uncontaminated by other zeolites, is prepared in high yield.

Abstract: An improved catalyst for conversion of oxygen-containing aliphatics to hydrocarbons is a silica xerogel having a layer of an aluminum compound chemically bonded onto its surface, having a maximum pore diameter of 1.1 nm and having substantially only protons and/or transition metal cations as electrical charge balancing species. The catalyst is very specific for the production of aromatics.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst for use in the direct conversion of synthesis gas to olefinic hydrocarbons in good yield. It also relates to a process for producing the catalyst.The catalyst comprises a highly porous amorphous silica support on which is deposited one or more monolayers of silica. The catalyst is then impregnated with a transition metal. The monolayer of silica is formed by the hydrolysis of a compound such as ethyl orthosilicate while it is adsorbed onto the support.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved polyimide resin and to a method of its production.The improved polyimide resin is made from phenanthrene which is converted via a 9, 10-diol to oligomers of diphenic anhydride units linked by keto bridges. The oligomers are reacted with from 0.1 to 0.6 of an equivalent quantity of an aromatic primary diamine. The remaining anhydride groups are reacted with a monofunctional amine to give a polyimide of low cross-link density.The resin will find use for instance in forming glasscloth laminates.

Abstract: This invention relates to thermally stable resins and provides such a resin made from cheaply available coal-derived materials, whereas presently available resins are made from increasingly expensive oil-derived materials.The resin comprises the condensation product of a reaction between an aromatic diamine and a phenanthrene-formaldehyde reaction product, which product has been oxidized to produce keto groups bridging the phenanthrene moieties and carboxy groups. The condensation product is a poly-(amine-imide).The invention also includes a method of making the resin and varnishes containing the resin.The resin will find use for instance as a high temperature insulator or in glass or asbestos laminates in compressor blades.

Abstract: A polyimide resin is made by converting a phanthrene to its 9, 10 diol derivative, reacting the derivative with formaldehyde to give a methylene bridged reaction product, oxidizing the reaction product to produce a polycarboxylated product, and reacting the polycarboxylated product with an aromatic diamine to form the polyimide resin. The invention also includes the resin, the reaction product and the polycarboxylated product.The resin will be useful as a lamp capping cement, a high temperature insulator, in copper clad printed circuit boards, in glass or asbestos laminates for use as compressor blades.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided an improved method of producing a poly-(amide-imide) resin comprising the steps of:(1) reacting a phenanthrene with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde donor in the presence of an acid catalyst to give a phenanthreneformaldehyde reaction product having substantially only methylene bridges;(2) removing from the reaction product unreacted phenanthrene;(3) treating the reaction product with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde donor in the presence of an acid catalyst to give a high molecular weight product having substantially only methylene bridges;(4) oxidizing the high molecular weight product to break the 9, 10 bond in the phenanthrene moieties to produce a polycarboxylated reaction product;(5) reacting the polycarboxylated reaction product with an aromatic diamine to produce a poly-(amide-imide) resin.

Abstract: This invention relates to thermally stable resins and provides such a resin made from cheaply available coal-derived materials, whereas presently available resins are made from increasingly expensive oil-derived materials.The resin comprises the condensation product of a reaction between an aromatic diamine and a phenanthrene-formaldehyde reaction product, which product has been oxidized to produce keto groups bridging the phenanthrene moieties and carboxy groups. The condensation product is a poly-(amide-imide).The invention also includes a method of making the resin and varnishes containing the resin.The resin will find use for instance as a high temperature insulator or in glass or asbestos laminates in compressor blades.

Abstract: A method of producing a condensation product by reacting together an aromatic hydrocarbon with a carbonyl compound having more than one carbon atom (therefore excluding formaldehyde) in the presence of aluminium chloride or bromide, at a temperature of from 5.degree. to 90.degree. C. The aluminium chloride or bromide should be substantially anhydrous. The aromatic hydrocarbon should be mono- or bi-nuclear and may be alkylated. The carbonyl compound may be an aldehyde or a betone and may be albyl or aryl.