Abstract: A method for determining a frequency correction and a symbol rate correction for transmissions from a user terminal in a satellite communications system comprises determining a frequency of a signal received at the user terminal, and determining a symbol rate of the signal received at the user terminal. The method also comprises computing an error associated with an oscillator at an outdoor unit of the user terminal, and computing an error associated with an oscillator at an indoor unit of the user terminal. The method also comprises computing a transmit frequency correction for the user terminal based on the error of the oscillator at the outdoor unit and the error of the oscillator at the indoor unit, and computing a transmit symbol rate correction for the user terminal based on the error of the oscillator at the indoor unit.

Abstract: A method for determining EIRP of user terminals in a satellite communication system comprises obtaining a frequency gain of a gateway at one or more frequencies, obtaining a path gain of the gateway for one or more signal paths, and obtaining a satellite beacon signal power at a receiver of the gateway. The method also comprises determining a target signal power at the gateway for one or more frequency channels, where the target signal power based at least in part on the frequency gain, the path gain, and the satellite beacon signal power. The method also comprises obtaining a message signal power at the gateway of a message from a user terminal, and determining the EIRP of the user terminal based at least in part on a difference between the target signal power and the message signal power.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to formulations of the premix utilized in the production of a pellet structured frozen dessert type product. The pelletized frozen dessert product is manufactured by introducing the liquid premix into a body of a cryogen such as liquid nitrogen such that the small volume of liquid premix is frozen rapidly. The invention elevates the melting temperature as well as the fusing temperature of the finished pellets such that the storage and serving temperatures of the pellets are similar to the bulk products. The invention utilizes the basic formulas and names and flavors associated with bulk type frozen desserts such as Ice Cream, Sorbet, Water ice, Ice Milk, Frozen Yogurt and similar type products. The pellet produced utilizing the pre-mix is structurally stable at normal retail and home freezer situations. The formulation and manufacture of the pelletized dessert product is substantially different from bulk frozen desserts: it is in itself a unique type product.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to formulations premix utilized in pellet structured frozen dessert type product. The pelletized frozen dessert product is manufactured by introducing the premix into a body of a cryogen such that the premix is frozen rapidly. The invention elevates the melting temperature as well as the fusing temperature of the pellets such that the storage and serving temperatures of the pellets are similar to the bulk products. The invention utilizes the basic ingredients and names and flavors of bulk type frozen desserts. The pellet produced utilizing the pre-mix is stable at normal retail and home freezer situations. The formulation and manufacture of the pelletized dessert product is substantially different from bulk frozen desserts. The result is a product that maintains the desired individuality of the pellets while maintaining structure, such that fusing is inhibited at the storage and serving temperature.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a single phase alcohol based frozen product. The single phase product is manufactured by introducing a premix, which includes alcohol, into a body of cryogen which freezes the premix rapidly. The single phased product does not include any liquid or gaseous components. The invention elevates the melting and fusing temperature of the pellets such that the storage temperatures of the pellets are similar to bulk frozen desserts. The invention may utilize the ingredients of bulk frozen desserts with the addition of alcohol. The invention is stable at retail and home freezer situations. The formulation and manufacture of the single phase product is different from bulk frozen desserts as well as other alcohol containing frozen products. The result is a product that maintains the desired individuality of the pellets while maintaining structure, such that fusing is inhibited at the storage and serving temperature.

Abstract: This invention is a network that is defined by its novel approach to privacy, security and freedom for its users. Privacy by allowing access anonymously, security by encrypting and obfuscating resources and freedom by allowing users to anonymously and irrefutably be seen as genuine individuals on the network and to communicate with other users with total security and to securely access resources that are both their own and those that are shared by others with them. Further, this invention comprises a system of self healing data, secure messaging and a voting system to allow users to dictate the direction of development of the network, whereby adoption or denial of proposed add-ons to the network will be decided. System incompatibilities and security breaches on networks and the Internet are addressed by this invention where disparity and tangents of development have had an undue influence.

Abstract: This invention allows users to maximise their use of existing storage, processing power and network bandwidth resources. This is achieved through providing an enhanced level of data backup and restore that employs the initial encryption of data and storing one user's data on another user's hard drives through an anonymsing process. The efficiency of this process is enhanced when this invention is used in conjunction with self authentication which then provides the ability to log into a network anonymously from potentially anywhere.

Abstract: The present invention relates to file system authentication and, in particular, authentication of users for accessing files stored on a serverless distributed or peer-to-peer file system. Its objective is to preserve the anonymity of the users and to provide secure and private storage of data for users on a serverless distributed file system. It provides a method of authenticating access to a distributed file system comprising the steps of; receiving a user identifier; retrieving an encrypted validation record identified by the user identifier; decrypting the encrypted validation record so as to provide decrypted information; and authenticating access to data in the distributed file system using the decrypted information.

Abstract: In a mobile ad hoc network, a method of routing data and a mobile unit for use according to the method are arranged to find the relay capacity of a node and the lifetime of the node, and thereby determine whether the node can relay the data. The method and unit can find the relay efficiency of nodes and this information is used to route data traffic efficiently through a number of nodes along a route.

Abstract: An improved color-converting photoluminescent film that provides visible light emission in the red to green portion of the visible spectrum when excited by blue light. The color-converted photoluminescent film of the invention is patternable and has improved luminous efficiency and stability and is suitable for use in electroluminescent displays. The film comprises a mixture of a clear UV curable resin and photo-initiator which does not absorb blue light; and fluorescent pigment particles, wherein a molecular additive is optionally provided in to either or both of the pigment particles and curable resin. The mixture is screen printed onto a substrate to form a film and UV cured.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manipulation and management process of cryogen such that it controls both the fluid body movement as well as internal currents within the cryogen. Small volumes of a desired substance introduced into this managed cryogen for the production of frozen or solidified pellets or granules are better managed as to shape, size, deformation, frozen satellites, fines and agglomeration and overall desired quality. These benefits result from the dispersion of the gas produced, as well as the heat transferred, resulting from the introduction of the relatively hot substance to the cryogen. The fluid body movement assists in maintaining a distance between the individual solidifying pellets or granules thereby minimizing deformation as a result of physical contact. The output characteristics and desired quality of the pellets can be more effectively controlled and managed, as desired.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manipulation and management process of cryogen such that it controls both the fluid body movement as well as internal currents within the cryogen. Small volumes of a desired substance introduced into this managed cryogen for the production of frozen or solidified pellets or granules are better managed as to shape, size, deformation, frozen satellites, fines and agglomeration and overall desired quality. These benefits result from the dispersion of the gas produced, as well as the heat transferred, resulting from the introduction of the relatively hot substance to the cryogen. The fluid body movement assists in maintaining a distance between the individual solidifying pellets or granules thereby minimizing deformation as a result of physical contact. The output characteristics and desired quality of the pellets can be more effectively controlled and managed, as desired.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are presented for communicating using a shared communication medium. A request is sent in a request signal space where the request represents a code sequence that is a member of a set of code sequences. Each member is characterized by an autocorrelation function that has a peak centered at zero time offset. Each member is further characterized by a cross correlation function. The cross correlation function has a low correlation window having a width and surrounding a zero time offset. An assignment is received that assigns the request to a transmission opportunity in a scheduled transmission signal space. The assignment is made in response to detecting the code sequence from receiving multiple requests having relative timing offsets less than the width of the low correlation window. A data transmission is sent using the assigned transmission opportunity in the scheduled transmission signal space.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are presented for communicating using a shared communication medium. A request is sent over the shared communication medium. The shared communication medium is organized to include a request signal space and a scheduled transmission signal space. The request signal space includes a plurality of request segments each having a different location within the request signal space. The scheduled transmission signal space includes a plurality of scheduled transmission segments each having a different location within the scheduled transmission signal space. The request occupies more than one request segment. Each of the more than one request segments is randomly selected by the first node. An assignment is received assigning the request to a transmission opportunity in the scheduled transmission signal space. The assignment is made in response to detecting at least one of the more than one request segments. A data transmission is sent using the assigned transmission opportunity.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the destruction of chemical weapons. In particular, the present invention relates to methods for treating hydrolysates of chemical agents. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method comprising oxidizing a hydrolysate of a chemical agent to produce an aqueous layer and an organic layer, the aqueous layer comprising an organophosphorus concentration and the organic layer comprising an organosulfur concentration, and separating the organic layer from the aqueous layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the destruction of chemical weapons. In particular, the present invention relates to methods for treating hydrolysates of chemical agents. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method comprising oxidizing a hydrolysate of a chemical agent to produce an aqueous layer and an organic layer, the aqueous layer comprising an organophosphorus concentration and the organic layer comprising an organosulfur concentration, and separating the organic layer from the aqueous layer.

Abstract: Data transfer to a remote packet-communicating device over a network is effected using a network-based cache to selectively store data. According to an example embodiment of the present invention, a network-based server facilitates selective, rule-based storage of a registered user's data in a network-based cache. The registered user's data is available via the user's data source coupled to a packet-based network (e.g., via a user's home or business computer coupled to the Internet). The server controls remote access to data stored in the cache as well as data accessible via the registered user's data source. For instance, when a request for data transfer is received from a remote packet-communicating device, the network-based server authenticates the request and, for authenticated requests, facilitates a transfer of the requested data from one or both of a registered user's data source and the cache.

Abstract: A communication link is established with a packet-communications device. According to an example embodiment of the present invention, a network connection is established between the packet-communications and a server to pass data such as requests and responses, as well as files, media, streaming and other data. The network connection is a tunneled connection, facilitating the communication of data using a particular protocol that may be different from or otherwise incompatible with the data being communicated. The tunnel is divided into two or more logical communications channels, facilitating the multiplexing of data (e.g., request/response pairs) onto a single physical network connection.

Abstract: Data transfer over an network is effected in a manner that facilitates the use of available communications channels and makes possible enhanced data routing control and monitoring. According to an example embodiment of the present invention, data is transferred over a network having a plurality of communication links. A home (e.g., data source) node coupled to the network supplies data for transfer on the network. A network-distributed application routing controller is implemented at a host server and at the home node, and is configured for controlling the home node for passing data on the network. A data request from a remote network access appliance, such as a laptop or mobile telephone, is received at the host server. In response to the request, the host server implements the network-distributed application routing controller to transfer data from a home node to the remote network access appliance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manipulation and management process of cryogen such that it controls both the fluid body movement as well as internal currents within the cryogen. Small volumes of a desired substance introduced into this managed cryogen for the production of frozen or solidified pellets or granules are better managed as to shape, size, deformation, frozen satellites, fines and agglomeration and overall desired quality. These benefits result from the dispersion of the gas produced, as well as the heat transferred, resulting from the introduction of the relatively hot substance to the cryogen. The fluid body movement assists in maintaining a distance between the individual solidifying pellets or granules thereby minimizing deformation as a result of physical contact. The output characteristics and desired quality of the pellets can be more effectively controlled and managed, as desired.