Abstract: A method of inducing either a TH1 polarised immune response, a TH2 polarised immune response or a combined TH1 and TH2 response to an antigen and associated vaccine formulations are disclosed. A method is provided for inducing a polarised TH1 response by parenteral administration of microparticles sized such that at least 50% of the microparticles are less than 5 ?m, the microparticles containing antigen entrapped or encapsulated by a biodegradable polymer. Additionally, a method is provided for inducing a polarised TH2 response by parenteral administration of nanoparticles sized such that at least 50% of the nanoparticles are less than 600 nm, the nanoparticles containing antigen entrapped or encapsulated by a biodegradable polymer. Vaccine formulations containing the B. pertussis antigens PTd, FHA or a combination of PTd and FHA are provided.

Abstract: A method of inducing either a TH1 polarized immune response, a TH2 polarized immune response or a combined TH1 and TH2 response to an antigen and associated vaccine formulations are disclosed. A method is provided for inducing a polarized TH1 response by parenteral administration of microparticles sized such that at least 50% of the microparticles are less than 5 ?m. The microparticles containing antigen entrapped or encapsulated by a biodegradable polymer. Additionally, a method is provided for inducing a polarized TH2 response by parenteral administration of nanoparticles sized such that at least 50% of the nanoparticles are less than 600 nm, the nanoparticles containing antigen entrapped or encapsulated by a biodegradable polymer. Vaccine formulations containing the B. pertussis antigens PTd, FHA or a combination of PTd and FHA are provided.

Abstract: A composition for enteral administration having a non-ionic vegetable oil GIT absorption enhancer capable of increasing the enteral absorbability of drugs, especially oral absorbability of hydrophilic and macromolecular drugs. The non-ionic vegetable oil GIT absorption enhancer, particularly Babassu oil or a derivative thereof, is capable of enhancing the uptake of a drug from the gastrointestinal tract so as to allow therapeutically effective amounts of the drug to be transported across the GIT of an animal such as a human without significant toxic side effects.

Abstract: Oral vaccine formulations are disclosed having microparticles sized such that at least 50% of the microparticles are less than 5 &mgr;m, preferably less than 3 &mgr;m, the microparticles containing antigen entrapped or encapsulated, such as by a solvent evaporation method, by a biodegradable polymer, such as poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide). Additionally, oral vaccine formulations are disclosed having nanoparticles sized such that at least 50% of the microparticles are less than 600 nm, preferably less than 500 nm, the nanoparticles containing antigen entrapped or encapsulated, such as by a coacervation method, by a biodegradable polymer, such as poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide). Protective vaccine formulations containing the B. pertussis antigens PTd or a combination of PTd and FHA are provided.