Abstract: Nucleic acid probes capable of hybridizing to rRNA or rDNA of Pneumocystis carinii and not to rRNA or rDNA of non-Pneumocystis are described along with methods utilizing such probes for the detection of Pneumocystis carinii in clinical samples.

Abstract: Nucleic acid fragments capable of hybridizing to rRNA of a Salmonella species and not capable of hybridizing to rRNA of Escherichia coli.

Abstract: Nucleic acid probes capable of specifically hybridizing to rRNA of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli and C. laridis and not to rRNA or rRNA genes of Pseudomonas aeuroginosa, E. coli or Salmonella typhimunium are described along with methods utilizing such probes for the detection of Campylobacter in clinical, food and other samples.

Abstract: Nucleic acid probes capable of hybridizing to rRNA sequences of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and not to rRNA sequences of non-Neisseria gonorrhoeae are described along with methods utilizing such probes for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in clinical and other samples.

Abstract: Nucleic acid probes are described for detecting yeasts capable of causing Candida infection, specifically yeasts of the genera Candida, Torulopsis, and Yarrowia. The preferred probes are complementary to ribonucleic acid sequences unique to specific Candida species, or groups of such species, and as such can detect the rRNA, rDNA, or polymerase chain reaction amplification products of these genes. Methods for detecting the etiological agent of human Candida fungemia utilizing these probes are also provided.

Abstract: Nucleic acid probes capable of hybridizing to rRNA of eubacteria and not to rRNA of non-eubacteria are described along with methods utilizing such probes for the detection of eubacteria in clinical and other samples. Preferred embodiments include probes capable of distinguishing between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Abstract: Improved nucleic acid probes capable of specifically hybridizing to rRNA of Listeria and not to rRNA of non-Listeria are described along with methods utilizing such probes for the detection of Listeria in food and other samples.

Abstract: Nucleic acid probes capable of specifically hybridizing to rRNA of Yersinia enterocolitica and not to rRNA of non-Yersinia enterocolitica are described along with methods utilizing such probes for the detection of Yersinia enterocolitica in food and other samples.

Abstract: Nucleic acid probes capable of hybridizing to rRNA sequences of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and not to rRNA sequences of non-Neisseria gonorrhoeae are described along with methods utilizing such probes for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in clinical and other samples.

Abstract: Improved nucleic acid probes capable of specifically hybridizing to rRNA of Salmonella and not to rRNA of non-Salmonella are described along with methods utilizing such probes for the detection of Salmonella in food and other samples.

Abstract: This invention relates to an oscillator for overtone operations which has reduced parts count and improved performance. More specifically, a new improved Pierce type of harmonic oscillator is disclosed which eliminates the need for additional bias circuit components; which does not use an LC tank circuit and which has substantially increased gain. More specifically, the new harmonic oscillator is self biased, the input impedance is an RC circuit, an LC circuit, or a resistor. The component value of the input impedance can be chosen to selectively roll off low frequency feedback gain to produce oscillation at a desired overtone of a resonator. With a differential amplifier, the resonator can be driven with both outputs of the oscillator amplifier to effectively double the available gain and eliminate the need for an additional stage of amplification.

Abstract: Nucleic acid probes capable of specifically hybridizing to rRNA of E. coli and Shigella species and not to rRNA of non-E. coli/Shigella are described along with methods utilizing such probes for the specific detection of E. coli and/or Shigella in food and other samples.