Abstract: An inflatable mechanism for attachment to the top of a sailboat mast to counteract turtling (complete rotation of the boat into an inverted position where the mast is pointed straight down into the water) during a capsize. The device functions by producing a torque consisting of the water displacement force and the mast as a lever arm. When the boat tips over on its side during a capsize this torque balances the boat's natural tendency to continue to roll over into an inverted position.

Abstract: An axially extensible and retractable structure including a plurality of cylindrical, threadedly engaged elements rotatable relative to one another for movement between axially extended and retracted positions together with a plurality of non-rotatable, telescoping segments. Preferably, none of the threads is exposed on the outside of the structure as the elements are moved between their extended and retracted positions. The structure is described in several embodiments, some with the telescoping segments positioned within the threaded elements, and some with the threaded elements within the segments which, in one embodiment, is adapted to support another element such as a boat sail, along its axial length. Also disclosed is a preferred method for fabricating the threaded elements utilizing relatively strong, light-weight materials such as carbon fiber impregnated with a curable epoxy resin.

Abstract: Methods of forming by polymerization reaction a silicate gel which exhibits intumescence upon application of heat and various products formed from the resulting ceramic foam materials. Specific formulations and processing steps best suited to particular applications are set forth, together with examples of various types and configurations of the resulting products. These include structural materials, such as sheets of wall board, very low density insulation materials, articles useful as a protective barrier from heat or flame, vitreous materials useful as heat resistant tiles or as abrasive wheels or blocks for grinding or polishing, and ceramic foam materials incorporating silica gel and processed solely with microwave heat.

Abstract: A backpack-transportable, heated sleeping bag ground pad is provided for the hiker/camper which is extremely compact, simple to use and which may incorporate a variety of conventional outdoor heat sources, such as a campfire or simple kerosene or alcohol lamp, for example. The system basically includes a heating reservoir and miniature, battery-operated pump system to circulate heated water through flexible plastic tubing embedded in a standard sleeping bag ground pad.

Abstract: A material having superior that insulating qualities which may be formed in flat sheets or any other desired configuration. The material in its basic form is produced by mixing an alkali metal halide or nitrate into an alkali metal silicate solution to form a polymerized silicate gel. The gel may be heated to cause intumescence and the formation of a dry cellular ceramic, or may be used in gel form, e.g., as a fireproof barrier which will expand upon exposure to heat. Physical properties of the end product are altered by the inclusion of one or more additives prior to the polymerization reaction. These additives may be any of a number of materials that do not significantly react with the alkali metal silicate solution or otherwise inhibit the formation of the gel.