Abstract: The wastewater treatment systems have a plurality of treatment modules between the inlet and the outlet, each for treating water with a selected process. Influent is directed to a covered anaerobic reactor, and then to an attached growth pretreatment filter that is at least intermittently exposed to atmospheric oxygen. Following the filter is a hydroponic reactor followed by a vertical-flow wetland. A second embodiment includes, following the filter, a tidal vertical-flow wetland and a pump for recycling water exiting the wetland upstream of the filter.

Abstract: The wastewater treatment systems have a plurality of treatment modules between the inlet and the outlet, each for treating water with a selected process. Influent is directed to a covered anaerobic reactor, and then to an attached growth pretreatment filter that is at least intermittently exposed to atmospheric oxygen. Following the filter are a first and a second hydroponic reactor in series, followed in turn by a vertical-flow wetland. A second embodiment includes, following the filter, two or more tidal vertical-flow wetlands in series, and a pump for recycling water exiting the final wetland upstream of the filter.

Abstract: The wastewater treatment systems have a plurality of treatment modules between the inlet and the outlet, each for treating water with a selected process. Influent is directed to a fixed-film reactor. Water then flows to a hydroponic reactor, in which aquatic plants are suspended atop the liquid for achieving aquatic-root-zone treatment. A filtration device removes any remaining suspended solids following the hydroponic reactor. Recycling may occur to the fixed-film reactor to enhance nitrogen removal from one or both of the hydroponic reactor and the filtration device.

Abstract: The wastewater treatment systems have a plurality of treatment modules between the inlet and the outlet, each for treating water with a selected process. Influent is directed to a fixed-film reactor. Water then flows to a hydroponic reactor, in which aquatic plants are suspended atop the liquid for achieving aquatic-root-zone treatment. A filtration device removes any remaining suspended solids following the hydroponic reactor. Recycling may occur to the fixed-film reactor to enhance nitrogen removal from one or both of the hydroponic reactor and the filtration device.

Abstract: The wastewater treatment systems have a plurality of treatment modules between the inlet and the outlet, each for treating water with a selected process. Influent is directed to a covered anaerobic reactor, and then to an attached growth pretreatment filter that is at least intermittently exposed to atmospheric oxygen. Following the filter are a first and a second hydroponic reactor in series, followed in turn by a vertical-flow wetland. A second embodiment includes, following the filter, two or more tidal vertical-flow wetlands in series, and a pump for recycling water exiting the final wetland upstream of the filter.