Abstract: An indirect haptic device includes a substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface, and a plurality of haptic electrodes and a plurality of island electrodes arranged on the top surface. The device further includes a plurality of transmit electrodes and a plurality of receive electrodes arranged on the bottom surface, a position sensor, and a friction modulator. The device further includes a control device configured to apply bipolar electrical signals to the plurality of transmit electrodes to detect touch locations of a user's appendage and to modulate the friction between the user's appendage and the touch surface. Each of the plurality of haptic electrodes are substantially aligned with and capacitively coupled to a corresponding two of the plurality of transmit electrodes.

Abstract: A haptic interface unit may include an application in the operating system of a device in communication with a driver layer. A plurality of sensors and actuators may be in communication with the driver layer. The driver layer analyzes information from the sensors to generate an output signal based on an interaction model stored in the driver layer. The application updates the interaction model in the driver layer.

Abstract: A vehicle detection system and method is disclosed. The vehicle detection system can comprise an imaging device arranged on a vehicle and at least one light source that is configured to illuminate a target area arranged beneath the vehicle to excite at least one reactive agent contained within a fluid sample disposed at the target area. A detection device is coupled to the imaging device and configured to detect an intensity of light reflected from the target area and generate an output signal indicative of a color characteristic of the at least one reactive agent. An electronic data processor is communicatively coupled to the imaging device, light source, and detection device, and is configured to associate the detected color characteristic of the at least one reactive agent with a fluid system of the vehicle, and display a location of the fluid system on an operator interface.

Abstract: This disclosure provides designer interfaces that present condensed representations of texture functions, the representations displaying selected control points that manipulate the representations, an algorithm that computes a texture function based on the positions of said selected control points, and the texture function generating a signal to control a force on an appendage of a user that touches a tactile surface, and methods of using the designer interfaces.

Abstract: A first aspect of the present invention provides a method of producing a liquid composition comprising stabilised particles of active species in oil by precipitating a solution of the active species in a non-solvent in the presence of one or more stabilisers, mixing the precipitate suspension with an oil and then removing the solvents. Further aspects of the present invention relate to liquid compositions produced by said method and methods of use of such liquid compositions.

Abstract: A vehicle detection system and method is disclosed. The vehicle detection system can comprise an imaging device arranged on a vehicle and at least one light source that is configured to illuminate a target area arranged beneath the vehicle to excite at least one reactive agent contained within a fluid sample disposed at the target area. A detection device is coupled to the imaging device and configured to detect an intensity of light reflected from the target area and generate an output signal indicative of a color characteristic of the at least one reactive agent. An electronic data processor is communicatively coupled to the imaging device, light source, and detection device, and is configured to associate the detected color characteristic of the at least one reactive agent with a fluid system of the vehicle, and display a location of the fluid system on an operator interface.

Abstract: A haptic interface unit may include an application in the operating system of a device in communication with a driver layer. A plurality of sensors and actuators may be in communication with the driver layer. The driver layer analyzes information from the sensors to generate an output signal based on an interaction model stored in the driver layer. The application updates the interaction model in the driver layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising nanoparticles of prodrugs of certain pharmaceutically active agents, wherein the nanoparticles of prodrugs are dispersed within a carrier material. The present invention further provides processes for the making of the same.

Abstract: An method for making a shielding assembly includes the steps of: forming a plurality of active layers, wherein each active layer of the plurality of active layers includes a base material and a fluorescent molecule; and forming a multi-layer laminate including the plurality of active layers.

Abstract: A method for integrating epitaxial, metallic transition metal nitride (TMN) layers within a compound semiconductor device structure. The TMN layers have a similar crystal structure to relevant semiconductors of interest such as silicon carbide (SiC) and the Group III-Nitrides (III-Ns) such as gallium nitride (GaN), aluminum nitride (AlN), indium nitride (InN), and their various alloys. Additionally, the TMN layers have excellent thermal stability and can be deposited in situ with other semiconductor materials, allowing the TMN layers to be buried within the semiconductor device structure to create semiconductor/metal/semiconductor heterostructures and superlattices.

Abstract: A semiconductor device structure including a scandium (Sc)- or yttrium (Y)-containing material layer situated between a substrate and one or more overlying layers. The Sc- or Y-containing material layer serves as an etch-stop during fabrication of one or more devices from overlying layers situated above the Sc- or Y-containing material layer. The Sc- or Y-containing material layer can be grown within an epitaxial group III-nitride device structure for applications such as electronics, optoelectronics, and acoustoelectronics, and can improve the etch-depth accuracy, reproducibility and uniformity.

Abstract: Methods for integrating transition metal oxide (TMO) layers into a compound semiconductor device structure via selective oxidation of transition metal nitride (TMN) layers within the structure.

Abstract: A haptic interface unit may include an application in the operating system of a device in communication with a driver layer. A plurality of sensors and actuators may be in communication with the driver layer. The driver layer analyzes information from the sensors to generate an output signal based on an interaction model stored in the driver layer. The application updates the interaction model in the driver layer.

Abstract: An method for making a shielding assembly includes the steps of: forming a plurality of active layers, wherein each active layer of the plurality of active layers includes a base material and a fluorescent molecule; and forming a multi-layer laminate including the plurality of active layers.

Abstract: Methods for integrating transition metal oxide (TMO) layers into a compound semiconductor device structure via selective oxidation of transition metal nitride (TMN) layers within the structure.

Abstract: A semiconductor device structure including a scandium (Sc)- or yttrium (Y)-containing material layer situated between a substrate and one or more overlying layers. The Sc- or Y-containing material layer serves as an etch-stop during fabrication of one or more devices from overlying layers situated above the Sc- or Y-containing material layer. The Sc- or Y-containing material layer can be grown within an epitaxial group III-nitride device structure for applications such as electronics, optoelectronics, and acoustoelectronics, and can improve the etch-depth accuracy, reproducibility and uniformity.

Abstract: An electromagnetic shielding assembly may include a transparent substrate layer and a transparent active layer positioned with respect to the substrate, wherein the active layer is configured to absorb electromagnetic radiation having a first wavelength and emit electromagnetic radiation having a second wavelength, the second wavelength being different than the first wavelength, the active layer includes fluorescent molecules combined with a base material, the fluorescent molecules being configured to absorb electromagnetic radiation having the first wavelength and emit the electromagnetic radiation having the second wavelength, wherein the first wavelength is in a visible electromagnetic spectrum and the second wavelength is in a non-visible electromagnetic spectrum.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for providing an acoustically-resistive air-permeable venting structure within a sealed microphone acoustic cavity. A microphone is mounted on a printed circuit board and positioned within a housing. A water-resistant membrane seals the microphone from an exterior of the housing, and a active acoustic cavity establishes an acoustical connection between the water-resistant membrane and the microphone. An acoustically-resistive air-permeable venting structure is formed in the body of the printed circuit board and connects to the active acoustic cavity either directly or via a separate vent path. The venting structure provides a viscous dampening effect by venting an active acoustic cavity of the electronic device to the rest of the enclosure sealed by the water-resistant membrane.

Abstract: A method to remove epitaxial semiconductor layers from a substrate by growing an epitaxial sacrificial layer on the substrate where the sacrificial layer is a transition metal nitride (TMN) or a TMN ternary compound, growing one or more epitaxial device layers on the sacrificial layer, and separating the device layers from the substrate by etching the sacrificial layer to completely remove the sacrificial layer without damaging or consuming the substrate or any device layer. Also disclosed are the related semiconductor materials made by this method.