Abstract: Intramedullary nails, systems, and methods. The intramedullary nail may include a generally elongate body extending from a first, distal end to a second, proximal end. The distal end may include one or more openings configured to receive one or more bone anchors that extend transversely through the distal end intramedullary nail, and thereby configured to secure the distal end of the nail. The proximal end may also include one or more openings configured to receive one or more bone anchors that extend transversely through the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, and thereby configured to secure the proximal end of the nail.

Abstract: A retroreflective article comprises a binder layer and a plurality of retroreflective elements, each retroreflective element comprising a transparent microsphere partially embedded in the binder layer. At least some of the retroreflective elements comprise a first locally laminated layer and a second locally laminated layer that may be reflective layers. A transfer article comprises a disposable carrier layer in which the retroreflective article is detachably disposed with at least some of the transparent microspheres in contact with the disposable carrier layer.

Abstract: A capnography mask includes a mask body having a cover portion configured to cover at least the nostrils of a patient's nose and forms a breathing cavity for inhalation of inflow gas and exhalation of expired gas. The mask also includes an inflow port fluidly connected to the breathing cavity for delivering the inflow gas to the breathing cavity, an outflow port fluidly connected to the breathing cavity for delivering the expired gas out of the breathing cavity, and a capnography port fluidly connected to the breathing cavity for delivering a sample of the expired gas to a capnography machine. The inflow, outflow and capnography ports may be unitarily formed by respective portions of the mask body to form a unitary mask structure. The ports may include respective tube segments that may cooperate with respective ribs to distribute load away from the alar fibrofatty tissue of the patient's nose, thereby improving comfort.

Abstract: Barrier films including a (co)polymeric substrate, at least one dyad on the substrate, each dyad made of a (co)polymer layer and an oxide layer overlaying the (co)polymer layer, and an outer (co)polymer layer overlaying the dyads. Optionally, at least one outer oxide layer overlays the outer (co)polymer layer. The barrier films transmit visible light and transmits, at an incident light angle of at least one of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, or 75°, at most 70 percent of incident ultraviolet light at a wavelength range from at least 100 nanometers to 400 nanometers or in a wavelength range from at least 100 nm to 350 nm. The barrier films exhibit atomic oxygen degradation of less than 1×10?20 mg/atom. The barrier films may be applied to decorative objects or electronic devices, (e.g., light receiving or emitting devices, in a satellite or aircraft. Methods of making the barrier films also are disclosed.

Abstract: At least some embodiments of the present disclosure an electrostatic sheet jamming device comprising a first sheet having a first conductive layer, a first dielectric layer disposed adjacent to the first conductive layer, and a second sheet comprising a second conductive layer and disposed proximate to the first dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer is disposed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The first sheet and the second sheet are non-extensible and flexible, wherein the first sheet and the second sheet are slidable relative to each other in a first state. The first sheet and the second sheet are jammed with each other in a second state when a voltage is applied between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. In some embodiments, the applied voltage is less than or equal to a break-down voltage of air at a distance between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.

Abstract: Intramedullary nails, systems, and methods. The intramedullary nail may include a generally elongate body extending from a first, distal end to a second, proximal end. The distal end may include one or more openings configured to receive one or more bone anchors that extend transversely through the distal end intramedullary nail, and thereby configured to secure the distal end of the nail. The proximal end may also include one or more openings configured to receive one or more bone anchors that extend transversely through the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, and thereby configured to secure the proximal end of the nail. In some embodiments, the proximal end may further include a cross-locking feature, which includes a second bone anchor that interlocks with a first bone anchor, for example, for enhanced bone purchase and bony fixation.

Abstract: Ultraviolet light shielding articles are provided. An ultraviolet light shielding article includes a flexible substrate having a major surface and a multilayer optical film disposed on the major surface of the substrate. The multilayer optical film is comprised of at least a plurality of alternating first and second inorganic optical layers collectively reflecting and absorbing at an incident light angle of at least one of 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, or 75°, an average of at least 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 95 percent of incident ultraviolet light over at least a 30-nanometer wavelength reflection bandwidth in a wavelength range from 190 nanometers (nm) to 400 nm. Solar cell covers including an ultraviolet shielding articles are also provided.

Abstract: Intramedullary nails, systems, and methods. The intramedullary nail may include a generally elongate body extending from a first, distal end to a second, proximal end. The distal end may include one or more openings configured to receive one or more bone anchors that extend transversely through the distal end intramedullary nail, and thereby configured to secure the distal end of the nail. The proximal end may also include one or more openings configured to receive one or more bone anchors that extend transversely through the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, and thereby configured to secure the proximal end of the nail. In some embodiments, the proximal end may further include a cross-locking feature, which includes a second bone anchor that interlocks with a first bone anchor, for example, for enhanced bone purchase and bony fixation.

Abstract: A packaged abrasive article comprises an abrasive article hermetically sealed within a bag. The abrasive article comprises abrasive particles at least partially retained in a phenolic binder. The bag comprises a multilayer barrier film that comprises: a first substrate layer; a first polymerized acrylic layer disposed on the first substrate layer; an aluminosilicate layer disposed on the first polymerized acrylic layer; and a second polymerized acrylic layer disposed on the aluminosilicate layer.

Abstract: Barrier films including a (co)polymeric substrate, at least one dyad on the substrate, each dyad made of a (co)polymer layer and an oxide layer overlaying the (co)polymer layer, and an outer (co)polymer layer overlaying the dyads. Optionally, at least one outer oxide layer overlays the outer (co)polymer layer. The barrier films transmit visible light and transmits, at an incident light angle of at least one of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, or 75°, at most 70 percent of incident ultraviolet light at a wavelength range from at least 100 nanometers to 400 nanometers or in a wavelength range from at least 100 nm to 350 nm. The barrier films exhibit atomic oxygen degradation of less than 1×10?20 mg/atom. The barrier films may be applied to decorative objects or electronic devices, (e.g., light receiving or emitting devices, in a satellite or aircraft. Methods of making the barrier films also are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of making metal patterns on flexible substrates are provided. A releasable solid layer is selectively formed on a patterned surface of the flexible substrate by applying a liquid solution thereon. The releasable solid layer is transferred from the patterned surface to a transfer layer where the metal patterns are formed.

Abstract: A transfer article with a thickness of less than 3 micrometers includes a first acrylate layer that is releasable from a metal or doped semiconductor release layer at a release value of from 2 to 50 grams/inch. The article includes a functional layer overlaying the first acrylate layer. The functional layer includes at least one microfractured inorganic layer about 3 nanometers to about 200 nanometers thick, which has a plurality of toolmarks interspersed with cracks.

Abstract: An article includes a solid circuit die on a first major surface of a substrate, wherein the solid circuit die includes an arrangement of contact pads, and wherein at least a portion of the contact pads in the arrangement of contact pads are at least partially exposed on the first major surface of the substrate to provide an arrangement of exposed contact pads; a guide layer including an arrangement of microchannels, wherein the guide layer contacts the first major surface of the substrate such that at least some microchannels in the arrangement of microchannels overlie the at least some exposed contact pads in the arrangement of exposed contact pads; and a conductive particle-containing liquid in at least some of the microchannels. Other articles and methods of manufacturing the articles are described.

Abstract: A compression screw for applying compression at a bone joint. The compression screw includes an axial screw body extending from a distal end to a proximal end with the distal end including a series of bone engaging threads configured to be self-drilling and self-tapping and the proximal end including a head which defines a radially extending shoulder. At least one proximal rotary cutting structure is defined proximally of the bone engaging threads. The at least one proximal rotary cutting structure is configured to be self-drilling such that a proximal portion of the axial screw body cuts into and advances within a bone of the bone joint as the axial screw body is advanced. A method of inserting the compression screw is also provided.

Abstract: At least some embodiments of the present disclosure direct to an electrostatic sheet jamming device formed by a sheet having a conductive layer and a dielectric layer. The jamming device includes a first section of the sheet, the first section being separated from the sheet, and a second section of the sheet, the second section being separated from the sheet. The sheet is non-extensible and flexible. The first section and the second section are slidable relative to each other in a first state. The first section and the second section are jammed with each other in a second state when a voltage is applied between a conductive layer of the first section and a conductive layer of the second section.

Abstract: At least some embodiments of the present disclosure direct to an electrostatic sheet jamming apparatus comprising a first sheet comprising a first conductive layer, the first sheet comprising a set of first features, a first dielectric layer, and a second sheet comprising a second conductive layer and disposed proximate to the first dielectric layer, the second sheet comprising a set of second features. The first dielectric layer is disposed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The first sheet and the second sheet are non-extensible and flexible. The first sheet and the second sheet are movable relative to each other in a first state. The first sheet and the second sheet are jammed with each other in a second state when a voltage is applied between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.

Abstract: Methods of making metal patterns on flexible substrates are provided. Releasable solid layer is selectively formed on a patterned surface of the flexible substrate by applying a liquid solution thereon. Metal patterns on the flexible substrate can be formed by removing the releasable solid layer after metallization. In some cases, the releasable solid layer can be transferred from the patterned surface to a transfer layer where the metal patterns are formed.

Abstract: An optical construction includes a lens layer and optically opaque first and second mask layers. The lens layer has a first major surface including a plurality of microlenses arranged along orthogonal first and second directions. The first and second mask layers are spaced apart from the first major surface and define respective pluralities of through first and second openings therein arranged along the first and second directions. The first mask layer is disposed between the structured first major surface and the second mask layer. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the microlenses and the first and second openings. The optical construction includes an intermediate layer disposed between the structured first major surface and the first mask layer and including an undulating second major surface facing, and in substantial registration with, an undulating third major surface of first mask layer so as to define a substantially uniform spacing therebetween.

Abstract: An optical system includes an extended illumination source configured to emit light from an extended emission surface thereof and a light redirecting layer disposed on the extended emission surface. The light redirecting layer has a structured major surface that includes a regular array of light redirecting structures, each light redirecting structure including a plurality of facets; and a plurality of discrete spaced apart window segments. The optical system includes a plurality of reflective segments where each reflective segment is disposed on a corresponding window segment. For substantially normally incident light, each reflective segment has a total: average optical reflectance of at least 30% in a visible wavelength range extending from about 420 nm to about 650 nm; and optical transmittance of at least 10% for at least one infrared wavelength in an infrared wavelength range extending from about 800 nm to about 1200 nm.

Abstract: At least some embodiments of the present disclosure an electrostatic sheet jamming device comprising a first sheet having a first conductive layer, a first dielectric layer disposed adjacent to the first conductive layer, and a second sheet comprising a second conductive layer and disposed proximate to the first dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer is disposed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The first sheet and the second sheet are non-extensible and flexible, wherein the first sheet and the second sheet are slidable relative to each other in a first state. The first sheet and the second sheet are jammed with each other in a second state when a voltage is applied between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. In some embodiments, the applied voltage is less than or equal to a break-down voltage of air at a distance between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.