Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is ##STR2## B is C.sub.8-24 alkyl--; ##STR3## Y and Z are each H or C.sub.1-12 alkyl; m is an integer having a value of 1 to 100;n is an integer having a value of 2 to 50;p is an integer having a value of 0 or 1;s is an integer having a value of 1 or 2;R' is H or CH.sub.3 andA is H or ##STR4## wherein R" is hydrogen or methyl and r is an integer having a value of from 1 to 100.The invention also relates to the process for the preparation of said compounds, as well as the process of using them as a surfactant or complexing agent and compositions therefor.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of haloalkyl lactams having the formula ##STR1## wherein n is an integer having a value of from 1 to 3; m is an integer having a value of 1 or 2 and X is chlorine or bromine in the absence of an inert solvent by reacting a hydroxyalkyl lactam of the formula ##STR2## with a thionyl chloride or bromide in the liquid phase under anhydrous conditions, vaporizing and removing any excess thionyl halide along with SO.sub.2 by-product from the liquid reaction mixture under vacuum followed by vacuum distillation of the remaining liquid product mixture at a temperature below its decomposition and recovering said product.The product of this process can be obtained in greater than 90% yield and 99% purity.

Abstract: (1) Pyrrolidonyl acrylate block polymers having the formula ##STR1## wherein n has a value of 1 to 3; X and X' are dissimilar and each is hydrogen or methyl; y and z each have a value of from 1 to 40, except that at least one of y and z is greater than 1 and R is hydrogen or methyl;(2) preparation of said polymers and(3) uses of said polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates primarily to quaternized compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein m is an integer having a value of from 1 to 4; R is alkylene having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted with C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently selected from the group of alkyl, alkyl oxide, alkylhydroxy, alkoxy, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, and alkyl amidoalkyl radicals, said groups each having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is radical having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms; and X.sup.- is a chloride, bromide or iodide anion. The invention also relates to the preparation and use of said quaternized compounds.

Abstract: The single stage process of reacting a lactam with an epihalohydrin in the presence of alkali metal hydroxide and between about 10.sup.-1 and about 10.sup.-4 molar concentration based on lactam of a phase transfer catalyst selected from the group of tetraalkyl ammonium hydrogen sulfate and tetraalkyl ammonium halide.

Abstract: Copolymers of propylene oxide and N-epoxy propyl lactams having the structures ##STR1## wherein R is ##STR2## a has a value of 1-3; p has a value of 1-2; m has a value of 0-1; k has a value of 2-200; w and z each have a value of 2-50 x and y have a value of 2-100; and also the process for preparing the aforementioned copolymers as well as their use as surfactants.

Abstract: The isocyanate polyoxyalkylenes having the formula:OCN--(AO).sub.x --(BO).sub.y --(CO).sub.z --DE I.wherein E is --NCO or an amino group; A, C and D represent lower alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; B is alkylene of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; y and z are each integers having a value of 0 to 50 and x is an integer having a value of from 2 to 50, and intermixtures of said polyoxyalkylenes.The above compounds display a wide variety of uses, namely for the control of fungi and bacteria or for the prevention of such infestation. They are also useful dielectric constant depressors for polymeric substances, e.g. polyvinylchloride, polyvinylidene halides, etc., extenders for solids in latices and anti-static agents.

Abstract: The thiocyano-containing polyoxyalkylenes having the formula:NCS--(AO).sub.x --(BO).sub.Y --(CO).sub.z --DE I.wherein E is --SCN or a halogen atom; A, C and D represent lower alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; B is alkylene of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; y and z are each integers having a value of 0 to 50 and x is an integer having a value of from 2 to 50, and intermixtures of said polyoxyalkylenes.The above compounds display a wide variety of uses, namely for the control of fungi and bacteria or for the prevention of such infestations and infections. They are also useful nematocides and insecticides.

Abstract: This invention describes novel intermediate alkanols for making effective compounds, which intermediates are .omega.,.omega.-bis(dialkylhydroxyphenyl) alkanols having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a tertiary alkyl group having 4-8 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 is alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms;R.sub.3 is a straight chain or branched alkylene group having 1-4 carbon atoms; andx is 1-4.

Abstract: This invention describes novel antioxidant compounds which are esters of .omega.,.omega.-bis(dialkylhydroxyphenyl) alkanols having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a tertiary alkyl group having 4-8 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 is alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms;R.sub.3 is a straight chain or branched alkylene group having 1-4 carbon atoms;x is 1-4,n is 1 or 2, and,Y is a group of the formulas ##STR2## when n is 1, where R.sub.4 is alkyl having from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, phenyl, or phenyl substituted with hydroxy of alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or combinations thereof, or ##STR3## when n is 2, where R.sub.5 is a direct bond, a straight chain or branched alkylene having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a phenylene group, and m is 0 to 4.

Abstract: The sulfur-containing polyoxyalkylenes having the formula: ##STR1## wherein E is --SW or a halogen atom; W is hydrogen, phenyl, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkali metal or ammonium ion, or a heterocyclic radical containing from 2 to 4 hetero atoms in a 5-or 6-membered ring which may be monocyclic or may be fused to an aromatic ring; A, C and D represent lower alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; B is alkylene of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; y and z are each integers having a value of 0 to 50; x is an integer having a value of from 2 to 50; and n is an integer having a value of from 1 to 30; and intermixtures of said polyoxyalkylenes.The above compounds display a wide variety of uses; however, all are active metal working lubricants.

Abstract: The sulfide polymers of polyoxyalkylenes having the formula: ##STR1## wherein M is alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, benzyl, phenyl, hydrogen or an alkali metal or ammonium ion; A, C and D represent lower alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; B is alkylene of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; y and z are each integers having a value of 0 to 50; x is an integer having a value of from 1 to 50; n is an integer having a value of 1 to 30; and m has a value of from 2 to 10; and intermixtures of said polyoxyalkylene sulfide polymers.The above polymers have excellent antioxidating properties and are useful as synthetic metal working lubricants, antistatic agents and antioxidants for various other types of applications. They can also be used as crosslinking agents to impart oxidation resistance and static elimination.

Abstract: A feature of the present invention is the provision of imidic esters having halo and nitro substituents on the phenyl ring attached to the nitrogen atom of the imidic ester, and of a method for preparing such compounds in high yields. In accordance with the process of the present invention, it has been found that imidic esters can be prepared in high yields using available starting materials. In the process, an alkyl .beta.-alkoxy-.beta.-iminopropionate salt is reacted first with a suitable alkanol to form an orthoester intermediate in situ. Then the orthoester is converted in high yields to the corresponding imidic ester by condensation with an aniline while simultaneously removing alkanol from the reaction mixture to drive the equilibrium reaction to completion. In a preferred form of the invention, the formation of the imidic ester is carried out in a high boiling solvent whose presence enables the condensation to be carried out more effectively at a high temperatue than with alkanol alone.

Abstract: The amidine compounds of the invention have the general formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.2 is lower alkyl,R is phenyl substituted with halo and nitro, andR.sub.3 is selected from phenyl and phenyl substituted with one or more of halo, nitro and alkoxy, and combinations thereof which may be utilized advantageously as intermediates in the manufacture of particularly useful, high quality pyrazolone color formers which have proven especially difficult to make in high yields by other methods or techniques known in the art.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, it has been found that 3-anilino-5-pyrazolones can be prepared in high yields by a multi-step process using available starting materials. In the first step of the process, an alkyl .beta.-alkoxy-.beta.-iminopropionate salt is reacted with a suitable alkanol to form an orthoester intermediate in situ. The orthoester then is converted in high yields to the corresponding imidic ester by condensation with an aniline while simultaneously removing alkanol from the reaction mixture to drive the equilibrium reaction to completion. In a preferred form of the invention, formation of the imidic ester is carried out in a high boiling solvent whose presence enables the condensation to be carried out effectively at a high temperature, and which facilitates distillation of the more volatile alkanol by-product from the reaction mixture at atmospheric pressure.