Abstract: Uptake of hypoxia-sensitive PET tracers is dependent on tissue transport properties, specifically, distribution volume. Variability in tissue transport properties reduces the sensitivity of static PET imaging to hypoxia. When tissue transport (vd) effects are substantial, correlations between the two methods of determining hypoxic fractions are greatly reduced—that is, trapping rates k3 are only modestly correlated with tumour-to-blood ratio (TBR). In other words, the usefulness of dynamic- and static-PET based hypoxia surrogates, trapping rate k3 and TBR, in determining hypoxic fractions is reduced in regions where diffusive equilibrium is achieved slowly. A process is provided for quantifying hypoxic fractions using a novel biomarker for hypoxia, hypoxia-sensitive tracer binding rate kb, based on PET imaging data. The same formalism can be applied to model the kinetics of non-binding CT and MT contrast agents, giving histopathological information about the imaged tissue.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described herein for sensors that may be used to measure radiation from radiation generating device. The sensors may use a collector plate electrode with first and second collection regions having shapes that are inversely related with one another to provide ion chambers with varying sample volumes along a substantial portion of the first and second collection regions which provides virtual spatial sensitivity during use.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described herein for a system and a method for obtaining samples of tissue for analysis by mass spectrometry. A region of interest can be identified in tissue using image data from a first imaging modality that is other than mass spectrometry. At least one tissue sample can be acquired using a tissue sampler from a sampling location related to the region of interest. Mass spectrum data can be generated for the acquired tissue samples using a mass spectrometer. In some embodiments, polarimetry may be used on a tissue slice, mass spectrometry may be performed on the same tissue slice and then H&E imaging may be performed on the same tissue slice.

Abstract: The present application relates to compositions comprising an iodinated contrast agent and indocyanine green co-encapsulated inside a liposomal carrier, various uses thereof as well as methods for their preparation.

Abstract: A high throughput automated assay platform for temporal image processing of cell growth and colony formation before and after radiation therapy treatments. The platform is designed to compute and monitor a therapeutic protocol by measuring sensitivity of cell growth to treatment based on a radiation therapy protocol. The platform is designed to detect relationships between the temporal images being tracked to colony formation behaviour.

Abstract: Embodiments disclose a method performed by at least one processor for processing a plurality of x-ray projection images of a subject, the method comprising a plurality of operations including reconstructing the projection images to yield a volume reconstruction; segmenting the reconstructed volume by assigning a material type to each voxel; estimating a first set of scatter images corresponding to a subset of the projection images by calculating probabilistic predictions of interactions of x-rays with the subject and applying a low pass spatial filter to the scatter images; estimating a second set of scatter images corresponding to projection images not included in the subset, based on the first set of scatter images; and subtracting, for each projection image, the corresponding scatter image to yield a corrected projection image.

Abstract: Uptake of hypoxia-sensitive PET tracers is dependent on tissue transport properties, specifically, distribution volume. Variability in tissue transport properties reduces the sensitivity of static PET imaging to hypoxia. When tissue transport (vd) effects are substantial, correlations between the two methods of determining hypoxic fractions are greatly reduced—that is, trapping rates k3 are only modestly correlated with tumour-to-blood ratio (TBR). In other words, the usefulness of dynamic- and static-PET based hypoxia surrogates, trapping rate k3 and TBR, in determining hypoxic fractions is reduced in regions where diffusive equilibrium is achieved slowly. A process is provided for quantifying hypoxic fractions using a novel biomarker for hypoxia, hypoxia-sensitive tracer binding rate kb, based on PET imaging data. The same formalism can be applied to model the kinetics of non-binding CT and MT contrast agents, giving histopathological information about the imaged tissue.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described herein for a system and a method for obtaining samples of tissue for analysis by mass spectrometry. A region of interest can be identified in tissue using image data from a first imaging modality that is other than mass spectrometry. At least one tissue sample can be acquired using a tissue sampler from a sampling location related to the region of interest. Mass spectrum data can be generated for the acquired tissue samples using a mass spectrometer. In some embodiments. polarimetry may be used on a tissue slice, mass spectrometry may be performed on the same tissue slice and then H&E imaging may be performed on the same tissue slice.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described herein for sensors that may be used to measure radiation from radiation generating device. The sensors may use a collector plate electrode with first and second collection regions having shapes that are inversely related with one another to provide ion chambers with varying sample volumes along a substantial portion of the first and second collection regions which provides virtual spatial sensitivity during use.

Abstract: An apparatus for high resolution positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The apparatus includes at least a first detector and a second detector arranged to detect gamma rays traveling from a target area, the first detector and the second detector being a detector pair. There is at least one collimator for filtering gamma rays reaching the first and second detectors. The collimator defines respective passages filtering gamma rays reaching the respective first and second detectors, the passages being defined to filter for only gamma ray pairs traveling from the target area at a predetermined range of angles with respect to each other, the predetermined range of angles being in the range of 180°-?E, where ?E is less than 1° and greater than 0°.

Abstract: A method and imaging system for operating imaging computed tomography using at least one radiation source and at least one detector to generate an image of an object. The method includes: defining desired image characteristics; and performing calculations to determine the pattern of fluence to be applied by the at least one radiation source, to generate said desired image quality or characteristics. Then, the at least one radiation source is modulated, to generate the intended pattern of fluence between the beam source and the object to be imaged. The desired image characteristics can provide at least one of: desired image quality in at least one defined region of interest; and at least one desired distribution of said image quality.

Abstract: Embodiments disclose a method performed by at least one processor for processing a plurality of x-ray projection images of a subject, the method comprising a plurality of operations including reconstructing the projection images to yield a volume reconstruction; segmenting the reconstructed volume by assigning a material type to each voxel; estimating a first set of scatter images corresponding to a subset of the projection images by calculating probabilistic predictions of interactions of x-rays with the subject and applying a low pass spatial filter to the scatter images; estimating a second set of scatter images corresponding to projection images not included in the subset, based on the first set of scatter images; and subtracting, for each projection image, the corresponding scatter image to yield a corrected projection image.

Abstract: There is provided signal modifying compositions for medical imaging comprising a carrier and signal modifying agents specific for two or more imaging modalities. The compositions are characterized by retention efficiency, with respect of the signal modifying agents that enables prolonged contrast imaging without significant depletion of the signal modifying agent from the carrier. The carriers of the present invention are lipid based or polymer based the physico-chemical properties of which can be modified to entrap or chelate different signal modifying agents and mixtures thereof and to target specific organs or tumors or tissues within a mammal.

Abstract: Methods and systems for visualization of 3D parametric data in a 2D image. The set of 3D parametric data includes a plurality of voxels in 3D space each associated with at least one parametric value, and the set of 2D image data includes information about a known camera position and a known camera orientation at which the 2D image was obtained. A graphical representation is generated of the parametric values of the voxels corresponding to a viewing surface in 3D space. A virtual 2D view of the viewing surface is determined. The 2D image is displayed registered with the graphical representation of the parametric values of the voxels corresponding to the virtual 2D view.

Abstract: The present application relates to compositions comprising an iodinated contrast agent and indocyanine green co-encapsulated inside a liposomal carrier, various uses thereof as well as methods for their preparation.

Abstract: A method, computer program product and processor for quantitatively registering a 2D endoscopic ROI in a 3D volumetric imaging dataset. An endoscopic dataset and a volumetric imaging are registered to a common coordinate system. A 2D endoscopic ROI is generated within the endoscopic imaging dataset. A 3D surface ROI is generated within the volumetric imaging dataset corresponding to the 2D endoscopic ROI, based on a projection of the 2D endoscopic ROI to the registered common coordinate system.

Abstract: A fiber optic dosimeter probe for sensing radiation dose including an optical fiber having a free end and a sensitive end, a window having a sensitive side and a rear side; a radiation sensitive layer between the sensitive end of the optical fiber and a sensitive side of the window, the radiation sensitive layer being made of a material having an optical property that changes with absorbed radiation dose, an amount of the material corresponding to a predetermined sensitivity to radiation; wherein the window and the optical fiber have a near water equivalent interaction with radiation and are MR compatible.

Abstract: There is provided signal modifying compositions for medical imaging comprising a carrier and signal modifying agents specific for two or more imaging modalities. The compositions are characterized by retention efficiency, with respect of the signal modifying agents that enables prolonged contrast imaging without significant depletion of the signal modifying agent from the carrier. The carriers of the present invention are lipid based or polymer based the physico-chemical properties of which can be modified to entrap or chelate different signal modifying agents and mixtures thereof and to target specific organs or tumors or tissues within a mammal.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus suitable for radiotherapy. The apparatus includes two sets of coil pairs, each coil pair forming a Maxwell-like coil. The two sets of coil pairs share a common transverse plane, have opposing polarities, and define a common plane of symmetry and an imaging area. The two sets generate a substantially homogenous electromagnetic field in a first transverse direction in the imaging area and peripheral electromagnetic fields in a direction opposite to the first transverse direction in a peripheral area. The apparatus also includes at least one focusing magnet positioned in the peripheral areas to generate a focusing electromagnetic field in a focusing area, in a direction substantially the same as the first transverse direction. At least a portion of the peripheral electromagnetic fields is maintained in a defocusing area between the focusing area and the imaging area.

Abstract: Provided are signal modifying compositions for medical imaging comprising a carrier and two or more signal modifying agents specific for two or more imaging modalities. The compositions are characterized by retention efficiency, with respect to the signal modifying agents, which enables prolonged contrast imaging without significant depletion of the signal modifying agents from the carrier. The carriers of the present invention are lipid based or polymer based, the physico-chemical properties of which can be modified to entrap or chelate different signal modifying agents and mixtures thereof and to target specific organs or tumors or tissues within a mammal.