Abstract: The invention relates to materials and methods for diagnosing liver tumor types, and assessing patient prognosis. Specifically, but not exclusively, the invention concerns the determination of marker protein which enable primary liver tumors to be identified and classified according to the latest WHO classification. Particularly, the invention provides potential markers proteins which allow non-neoplastic and neoplastic hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells to be distinguished. This allows grading of tumor differentiation to be refined and differential diagnosis of primary liver tumors and pathogenesis of sub-types of cholangiocarcinoma.