Abstract: This relates to a combustion system (10) using rapid mixing fuel gas method with combustion air to obtain intense mixture of air flow with strong rotational components with a plurality of gas jets being discharged for this flow. The assembly of the combustion system (10) includes an external body provided with an air inlet and mounting flanges. The external body (12) is connected to the conical outlet element (18) and further to the combustor with cylindrical shape (20). The combustion system (10) further includes the fuel set comprised by two coaxial tubes (24) and (26) with curved swirl fins (42) and gas injectors (48). This assembly is placed inside the external body (12) along the burner axis with the fins (42) being positioned close to the conical element inlet (18). The combustion system operates using a rapid mixing method, with the fuel gas jets injected and regularly distributed in the combustion air flow with high intensity rotational components.

Abstract: A burner (12) using the oxygen present in the descending flow (18) of gases, composed by a mixture of air with combustion products that circulates through the iron ore pelletizing furnace zones. The burner set (12) includes a fuel collector ring (24) equipped with fins (26) mounted on the inner part of the collector and further counts on a plurality of openings (30) for discharge of fuel gas. Said openings (30) make up a sequence of groups (32) aligned with each fin (26). The burner set (12) is inserted through the special window (16) and installed where the descending flow (18) needs to be heated, for example, from 850 to 1350° C. The fins (26) deflect part of the descending flow (18) and create the rotating effect in the gases in the furnace downcomer. The fuel gas jets discharged from the collector ring (24) are mixed with the flow of gases and burn in the descending flow current in a swirl.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously presenting a sample from a stream of particulate material which contains crystalline substances and for effectively continuously analysing the sample by X-ray diffraction are provided. An extracted sample flow is fed onto a continuously moving carrier and its surface smoothed and flattened for X-ray diffraction patterns to be detected and analysed to provide a compositional analysis for the crystalline substances. The sample is continuously removed from the carrier prior to further sample being fed onto the carrier. The invention is particularly applicable for phase composition analysis of cement and cement clinker and provides an effectively continuous analysis substantially in real time in contrast to prior art laboratory analyses of discrete samples.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously presenting a sample from a stream of particulate material which contains crystalline substances and for effectively continuously analysing the sample by X-ray diffraction are provided. An extracted sample flow is fed onto a continuously moving carrier and its surface smoothed and flattened for X-ray diffraction patterns to be detected and analysed to provide a compositional analysis for the crystalline substances. The sample is continuously removed from the carrier prior to further sample being fed onto the carrier. The invention is particularly applicable for phase composition analysis of cement and cement clinker and provides an effectively continuous analysis substantially in real time in contrast to prior art laboratory analyses of discrete samples.