Abstract: Communication systems include network nodes that distribute an electrical or optical base signal to remote nodes for modulation at the remotes nodes. A first waveguide is coupled to transmit data to a corresponding remote node, a second waveguide is coupled to receive remotely modulated data from the remote node, and a third waveguide is coupled to deliver the base signal to the remote node. Typically, the base signal is an optical signal from a laser diode, and optical fibers communicate modulated data signals and the base signal. A portion of the base signal can also be modulated for communication with remote nodes.

Abstract: Optical patch panels are disclosed. In one example, a housing module may include at least one wall arranged to present connectors for mating with optical cables. A plurality of trunk connectors may be arranged in at least one wall of the housing module, each of the trunk connectors being connectable to an optical trunk line entering the housing module. A plurality of duplex fiber connectors may be arranged in at least one wall of the housing module, the duplex fiber connectors being operable to mate with downstream networking equipment, the duplex fiber connectors being arranged in clusters, each cluster presenting a group of four pairs of duplex fiber connectors. The duplex fiber connectors in a cluster may be optically coupled to one of the plurality of trunk lines via the plurality of trunk connectors.

Abstract: Optical patch panels are disclosed. In one example, a housing module may include at least one wall arranged to present connectors for mating with optical cables. A plurality of trunk connectors may be arranged in at least one wall of the housing module, each of the trunk connectors being connectable to an optical trunk line entering the housing module. A plurality of duplex fiber connectors may be arranged in at least one wall of the housing module, the duplex fiber connectors being operable to mate with downstream networking equipment, the duplex fiber connectors being arranged in clusters, each cluster presenting a group of four pairs of duplex fiber connectors. The duplex fiber connectors in a cluster may be optically coupled to one of the plurality of trunk lines via the plurality of trunk connectors.