Abstract: A method of handling a fault in a battery pack, the method comprising: a battery module supplying a voltage to a high-voltage circuit; a battery management system transmitting a heartbeat signal to the battery module via a fault bus; the battery module preventing the heartbeat signal from being transmitted back to the battery management system in response to the battery module detecting a critical condition; and the battery management system shutting off the supply of voltage from the battery module to the high-voltage circuit in response to the battery module preventing the heartbeat signal from being transmitted back to the battery management system. The battery module transmits battery data to the battery management system via a communication bus, which is distinct from the fault bus, and the battery management system transmits one or more commands to the battery module via the communication bus.

Abstract: A method of registering a plurality of Battery-Monitoring-Units (BMUs) in a battery pack with a Battery-Management-System (BMS), the method comprising: providing an indication to a user, wherein the indication prompts the user to register one of the BMUs with the BMS; the user performing an action on a communication-initiating mechanism on one of the BMUs, wherein the communication-initiating mechanism is configured to initiate the sending of a communication by the BMU to the BMS in response to the user performing the action; the BMU sending a communication to the BMS in response to the user performing the action on the communication-initiating mechanism; the BMS receiving the communication from the BMU; and the BMS registering the BMU in response to receiving the communication from the BMU.

Abstract: Faulty battery detecting and locating devices and methods are able to detect and locate a faulty battery cell. The device applies an energy to a sensing member, such as a polymeric tube containing at least two polymer-coated and twisted electric wires. Heat that is generated by a faulty battery triggers an electric communication between the two electric wires by melting at least a portion of the polymer. The resulting change in resistance between the two electric wires is used to detect and locate a faulty battery.

Abstract: Faulty battery detecting and locating devices and methods are able to detect and locate a faulty battery cell. The device applies an energy to a sensing member, such as a polymeric tube containing at least two polymer-coated and twisted electric wires. Heat that is generated by a faulty battery triggers an electric communication between the two electric wires by melting at least a portion of the polymer. The resulting change in resistance between the two electric wires is used to detect and locate a faulty battery.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting change in orientation comprises a first position sensor and a second position sensor. The position sensors are in different orientations. The outputs of the position sensors are filtered to smooth out instantaneous and/or insignificant changes in orientation, or noise. A processor or logic circuitry is configured to determine a change in both outputs, and communicate such a change. Furthermore, the processor or logic circuitry is configured to electrically and/or physically de-couple batteries from a power delivery system in an EV.

Abstract: A method of handling a fault in a battery pack, the method comprising: a battery module supplying a voltage to a high-voltage circuit; a battery management system transmitting a heartbeat signal to the battery module via a fault bus; the battery module preventing the heartbeat signal from being transmitted back to the battery management system in response to the battery module detecting a critical condition; and the battery management system shutting off the supply of voltage from the battery module to the high-voltage circuit in response to the battery module preventing the heartbeat signal from being transmitted back to the battery management system. The battery module transmits battery data to the battery management system via a communication bus, which is distinct from the fault bus, and the battery management system transmits one or more commands to the battery module via the communication bus.

Abstract: A method of registering a plurality of Battery-Monitoring-Units (BMUs) in a battery pack with a Battery-Management-System (BMS), the method comprising: providing an indication to a user, wherein the indication prompts the user to register one of the BMUs with the BMS; the user performing an action on a communication-initiating mechanism on one of the BMUs, wherein the communication-initiating mechanism is configured to initiate the sending of a communication by the BMU to the BMS in response to the user performing the action; the BMU sending a communication to the BMS in response to the user performing the action on the communication-initiating mechanism; the BMS receiving the communication from the BMU; and the BMS registering the BMU in response to receiving the communication from the BMU.

Abstract: A payment card comprises an internal dynamic card verification value (CVV) generator and a user display for card-not-present transactions. Card-present transactions with merchant card readers are enabled by a dynamic magnetic array internally associated with the card's magnetic stripe. The user display and a timer are triggered by the user when the user needs to see the card verification value and/or begin a new transaction. A new card verification value is provided for each new transaction according to a cryptographic process, but the timer limits how soon a next new card verification value can be generated.

Abstract: A method for securing financial transactions involving payment cards includes associating a sixteen-digit personal account number (PAN) with a particular payment card and user, wherein are included fields for a system number, a bank/product number, a user account number, and a check digit. A four-digit expiration date (MMYY) associated with the PAN. A magnetic stripe on the payment card is encoded with the PAN for periodic reading by a magnetic card reader during a financial transaction. A table of cryptographic values associated with the PAN and the MMYY is stored on each user's payment card during personalization by an issuing bank. A next financial transaction being commenced with the payment card is sensed. A cryptographic value from the table of cryptographic values is selected for inclusion as a dynamic portion of the user account number with the PAN when a next financial transaction is sensed.

Abstract: A payment card fraud detection business model comprises an internal virtual account number generator and a user display for Card-Not-Present transactions. Card-Present transactions with merchant card readers are enabled by a magnetic array internally associated with the card's magnetic stripe. The internal virtual account number generator is able to reprogram some of the magnetic bits encoded in the magnetic stripe to reflect the latest virtual account number. The internal virtual account number generator produces a sequence of virtual numbers that can be predicted and approved by the issuing bank. Once a number is used, such is discarded and put on an exclusion list or reserved for a specific merchant until the expiration date. A server for the issuing bank logs the merchant locations associated with each use or attempted use, and provides real-time detection of fraudulent attempts to use a virtual account number on the exclusion list.