Abstract: Intra-application messaging that is non-coupled may be facilitated through byte code injection. For example, a consumer class may be annotated with an annotation that describes data with which the function is to be called to consume data. A producer class may annotate a field/variable of an annotation to indicate that the data is generated by the producer class. At run time, a customized class loader scans each class as it is loaded for these annotations. When a consumer class is found, a byte code injector may write byte code that registers a consumer object instantiated from the consumer class to receive the data from a message router. When a producer class is found, a byte code injector may write byte code that notifies the message router that the data is available.

Abstract: Intra-application messaging that is non-coupled may be facilitated through byte code injection. For example, a consumer class may be annotated with an annotation that describes data with which the function is to be called to consume data. A producer class may annotate a field/variable of an annotation to indicate that the data is generated by the producer class. At run time, a customized class loader scans each class as it is loaded for these annotations. When a consumer class is found, a byte code injector may write byte code that registers a consumer object instantiated from the consumer class to receive the data from a message router. When a producer class is found, a byte code injector may write byte code that notifies the message router that the data is available.

Abstract: A database system stores both compressed and uncompressed data in a row-based database system. The database system converts a representation of data involving a set of rows of a source database table, each row comprising multiple values, into a representation involving a single row stored in a target database table, each column of the row comprising arrays of values from the set. The database system may perform type-specific compression of data when storing in the target database table. Accordingly, the database system may apply different compression schemes for different columns or sets of values obtained from the source database table and may group or order selected rows or store additional summary information to improve query performance to the target database table. The database system allows users to query data stored in compressed form. The database system combines compressed and uncompressed data at query time for efficient database analytics.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to persisting values in a computing environment, particularly using computer programs that run on a virtual machine. An illustrative method includes first launching a computer program, preferably within the environment of a virtual machine. The method further includes loading a plurality of classes associated with the computer program into memory by way of a special class loader. This class loader scans at least one class of classes loaded into memory for at least one persistence-annotated field within that class. The special class loader further writes byte code into a class that contains the at least one persistence-annotated field. The byte code that is added to the class causes a first object that is later instantiated from the at least one class to have the persistence-annotated field.

Abstract: A database system stores both compressed and uncompressed data in a row-based database system. The database system converts a representation of data involving a set of rows of a source database table, each row comprising multiple values, into a representation involving a single row stored in a target database table, each column of the row comprising arrays of values from the set. The database system may perform type-specific compression of data when storing in the target database table. Accordingly, the database system may apply different compression schemes for different columns or sets of values obtained from the source database table and may group or order selected rows or store additional summary information to improve query performance to the target database table. The database system allows users to query data stored in compressed form. The database system combines compressed and uncompressed data at query time for efficient database analytics.

Abstract: Materialized views are maintained for time-series databases, to enable faster analytics over large data sets and to downsample data for storage savings. These materialized views are the result of computations on existing tables, such as aggregation, approximation, sampling, filtering, statistical estimates, and more. A materialized view is created on a base table, and continuously maintained, such that as changes are made to the base table, the materialized view is correspondingly updated. The database system records metadata identifying regions of the base table that have already been materialized. Subsequently, these invalidated regions are rematerialized. Queries ensure up-to-date results by combining data from the materialized view with results calculated at query time on the base table. Invalidation records and completion thresholds are used to determine which results should use records from the materialized table and which should be computed from records from the base table.

Abstract: A database system stores both compressed and uncompressed data in a row-based database system. The database system converts a representation of data involving a set of rows of a source database table, each row comprising multiple values, into a representation involving a single row stored in a target database table, each column of the row comprising arrays of values from the set. The database system may perform type-specific compression of data when storing in the target database table. Accordingly, the database system may apply different compression schemes for different columns or sets of values obtained from the source database table and may group or order selected rows or store additional summary information to improve query performance to the target database table. The database system allows users to query data stored in compressed form. The database system combines compressed and uncompressed data at query time for efficient database analytics.

Abstract: Materialized views are maintained for time-series databases, to enable faster analytics over large data sets and to downsample data for storage savings. These materialized views are the result of computations on existing tables, such as aggregation, approximation, sampling, filtering, statistical estimates, and more. A materialized view is created on a base table, and continuously maintained, such that as changes are made to the base table, the materialized view is correspondingly updated, either synchronously or asynchronously. The database system records metadata identifying regions of the base table that have already been materialized. Subsequently, these invalidated regions are rematerialized. Queries ensure up-to-date results by combining data from the materialized view with results calculated at query time on the base table. Invalidation records and completion thresholds are used to determine which results should use records from the materialized table and which from records from the base table.

Abstract: A database system stores both compressed and uncompressed data in a row-based database system. The database system converts a representation of data involving a set of rows of a source database table, each row comprising multiple values, into a representation involving a single row stored in a target database table, each column of the row comprising arrays of values from the set. The database system may perform type-specific compression of data when storing in the target database table. Accordingly, the database system may apply different compression schemes for different columns or sets of values obtained from the source database table and may group or order selected rows or store additional summary information to improve query performance to the target database table. The database system allows users to query data stored in compressed form. The database system combines compressed and uncompressed data at query time for efficient database analytics.

Abstract: A database system stores both compressed and uncompressed data in a row-based database system. The database system converts a representation of data involving a set of rows of a source database table, each row comprising multiple values, into a representation involving a single row stored in a target database table, each column of the row comprising arrays of values from the set. The database system may perform type-specific compression of data when storing in the target database table. Accordingly, the database system may apply different compression schemes for different columns or sets of values obtained from the source database table and may group or order selected rows or store additional summary information to improve query performance to the target database table. The database system allows users to query data stored in compressed form. The database system combines compressed and uncompressed data at query time for efficient database analytics.

Abstract: A database system stores both compressed and uncompressed data in a row-based database system. The database system converts a representation of data involving a set of rows of a source database table, each row comprising multiple values, into a representation involving a single row stored in a target database table, each column of the row comprising arrays of values from the set. The database system may perform type-specific compression of data when storing in the target database table. Accordingly, the database system may apply different compression schemes for different columns or sets of values obtained from the source database table and may group or order selected rows or store additional summary information to improve query performance to the target database table. The database system allows users to query data stored in compressed form. The database system combines compressed and uncompressed data at query time for efficient database analytics.

Abstract: A database system stores both compressed and uncompressed data in a row-based database system. The database system converts a representation of data involving a set of rows of a source database table, each row comprising multiple values, into a representation involving a single row stored in a target database table, each column of the row comprising arrays of values from the set. The database system may perform type-specific compression of data when storing in the target database table. Accordingly, the database system may apply different compression schemes for different columns or sets of values obtained from the source database table and may group or order selected rows or store additional summary information to improve query performance to the target database table. The database system allows users to query data stored in compressed form. The database system combines compressed and uncompressed data at query time for efficient database analytics.

Abstract: Materialized views are maintained for time-series databases, to enable faster analytics over large data sets and to downsample data for storage savings. These materialized views are the result of computations on existing tables, such as aggregation, approximation, sampling, filtering, statistical estimates, and more. A materialized view is created on a base table, and continuously maintained, such that as changes are made to the base table, the materialized view is correspondingly updated, either synchronously or asynchronously. The database system records metadata identifying regions of the base table that have already been materialized. Subsequently, these invalidated regions are rematerialized. Queries ensure up-to-date results by combining data from the materialized view with results calculated at query time on the base table. Invalidation records and completion thresholds are used to determine which results should use records from the materialized table and which from records from the base table.

Abstract: Materialized views are maintained for time-series databases, to enable faster analytics over large data sets and to downsample data for storage savings. These materialized views are the result of computations on existing tables, such as aggregation, approximation, sampling, filtering, statistical estimates, and more. A materialized view is created on a base table, and continuously maintained, such that as changes are made to the base table, the materialized view is correspondingly updated. The database system records metadata identifying regions of the base table that have already been materialized. Subsequently, these invalidated regions are rematerialized. Queries ensure up-to-date results by combining data from the materialized view with results calculated at query time on the base table. Invalidation records and completion thresholds are used to determine which results should use records from the materialized table and which should be computed from records from the base table.

Abstract: Techniques are described related to selecting content items, such as by enabling user analysis and control of product-related content items selected for display to users. The content items may include advertisements or other promotional materials, and the selecting of the content items may be performed as part of determining particular promotional materials to display or otherwise present to particular users in particular situations. User analysis and control of selected content items that are displayed on a target electronic site may be enabled by providing, as part of the target electronic site, additional selection-related functionality whose availability is restricted to one or more authorized users—for example, such additional restricted access information and user-selectable controls may be provided on a version of a Web page of an online retailer to enable the retailer to analyze and influence future content items selected for display on the online retailer's Web page(s).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to persisting values in a computing environment, particularly using computer programs that run on a virtual machine. An illustrative method includes first launching a computer program, preferably within the environment of a virtual machine. The method further includes loading a plurality of classes associated with the computer program into memory by way of a special class loader. This class loader scans at least one class of classes loaded into memory for at least one persistence-annotated field within that class. The special class loader further writes byte code into a class that contains the at least one persistence-annotated field. The byte code that is added to the class causes a first object that is later instantiated from the at least one class to have the persistence-annotated field.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to persisting values in a computing environment, particularly using computer programs that are configured to run on a virtual machine. An illustrative method includes first launching a computer program, preferably within the environment of a virtual machine. The method further includes loading a plurality of classes associated with the computer program into memory by way of a specially configured class loader. This class loader is configured to scan at least one class of classes loaded into memory for at least one persistence-annotated field within that class. The specially configured class loader is further configured to write byte code into a class that contains the at least one persistence-annotated field. The byte code that is added to the class is configured to cause a first object that is later instantiated from the at least one class to have the persistence-annotated field.

Abstract: Techniques are described for determining personalized category-based product information for a user. The described techniques may in some situations be used by or on behalf of an online retailer to determine a sorted order of at least some products within a product category for the online retailer to display to a customer user on a category-specific Web page of the online retailer, such as based on a browse request by the customer for that category or on another identification of the category by the customer. The determination of particular personalized category-based sorted products for such a customer may in some situations be performed based at least in part on prior activities of the customer, including prior interactions by the customer with the online retailer (e.g., actions by the customer to view and/or purchase particular products, product brands, product sub-categories, product sizes, etc.).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to persisting values in a computing environment, particularly using computer programs that are configured to run on a virtual machine. An illustrative method includes first launching a computer program, preferably within the environment of a virtual machine. The method further includes loading a plurality of classes associated with the computer program into memory by way of a specially configured class loader. This class loader is configured to scan at least one class of classes loaded into memory for at least one persistence-annotated field within that class. The specially configured class loader is further configured to write byte code into a class that contains the at least one persistence-annotated field. The byte code that is added to the class is configured to cause a first object that is later instantiated from the at least one class to have the persistence-annotated field.

Abstract: Techniques are described for dynamically generating recommendations for users, such as for products and other items. In at least some situations, the techniques include using multiple recommendation strategies, such as by aggregating recommendation results from multiple different recommendation strategies. Such recommendation strategies may have various forms, and may be based at least in part on data regarding prior interactions of numerous users with numerous items. In addition, information about current selections of a particular user may be gathered based at least in part on providing a GUI (“graphical user interface”) for display to the user that includes selectable information about numerous recommended items, and dynamically updating the displayed GUI with newly generated recommendations of items as the user makes selections of particular displayed recommended items (e.g.