Abstract: Systems, devices, methods, and techniques are described for using evoked compound action potential (ECAP) signals to monitor lead position and/or detect lead migration. An example system includes sensing circuitry configured to sense an ECAP signal, and processing circuitry. The processing circuitry controls the sensing circuitry to detect, after delivery of an electrical stimulation pulse, a current ECAP signal, and determines one or more characteristics of the current ECAP signal. The processing circuitry also compares the one or more characteristics of the current ECAP signal to corresponding one or more characteristics of a baseline ECAP signal, and determines, based on the comparison, a migration state of the electrodes delivering the electrical stimulation pulse. Additionally, the processing circuitry outputs, based on the migration state, an alert indicative of migration of the electrodes.

Abstract: Compound of formula (1) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts wherein A1,A2,R1, R2,R3,R4,X are as defined in the specification have excellent bradykinin antagonistic activity.

Abstract: A process for preparing halomethyl esters of penicillanic acid sulfone, intermediates to beta-lactamase inhibitors, from the corresponding substituted thiomethyl and sulfinylmethyl esters and a halogenating agent. The thiomethyl and sulfinylmethyl esters of penicillanic acid sulfone are useful intermediates.

Abstract: 6'-Aminopenicillanoyloxymethyl penicillanate 1,1-dioxide is prepared by a two-step procedure. The first step consists of coupling a salt of a 6-(protected amino)penicillanic acid with a halomethyl, an alkylsulfonyloxymethyl or an arylsulfonyloxymethyl ester of penicillanic acid 1,1-dioxide, to give a 6'-(protected amino)penicillanoyloxymethyl penicillanate 1,1-dioxide, wherein the protection at the 6-position has been achieved by coupling the 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a beta-dicarbonyl compound. The second step consists of removal of the protecting group on the 6'-amino group, using aqueous acid. 6'-Aminopenicillanoyloxymethyl penicillanate 1,1-dioxide is a chemical intermediate for preparing antibacterial agents. Also claimed are the 6'-(protected amino)penicillanoyloxymethyl penicillanate 1,1-dioxide compounds used as intermediates in the process of this invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing halomethyl esters of penicillanic acid sulfone, intermediates to beta-lactamase inhibitors, from the corresponding substituted thiomethyl and sulfinylmethyl esters and a halogenating agent. The thiomethyl and sulfinylmethyl esters of penicillanic acid sulfone are useful intermediates.