Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating a human subject afflicted with multiple sclerosis or a single clinical attack consistent with multiple sclerosis with a pharmaceutical composition comprising glatiramer acetate and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, comprising the steps of: (i) determining a genotype of the subject at a location corresponding to the location of one or more single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) selected from the group consisting of: Group 1, (ii) identifying the subject as a predicted responder to glatiramer acetate if the genotype of the subject contains one or more A alleles at the location of Group 2, one or more C alleles at the location of Group 3, one or more G alleles at the location of Group 4, or one or more T alleles at the location of kgp18432055, kgp279772, kgp3991733 or kgp7242489; and (iii) administering the pharmaceutical composition comprising glatiramer acetate and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to the subject only if the subject is identif

Abstract: This invention provides a method of treating a subject afflicted with a neurodegenerative disease comprising periodic administration of an amount of laquinimod and an amount of fingolimod, wherein the amounts when taken together are effective to treat the subject. Also provided are packages and pharmaceutical compositions comprising laquinimod and fingolimod for treating a subject afflicted with a neurodegenerative disease. Also provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising laquinimod for use as an add-on therapy or in combination with fingolimod, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising fingolimod for use as an add-on therapy or in combination with laquinimod, for treating said subject.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of treating a subject afflicted with a neurodegenerative disease comprising periodic administration of an amount of laquinimod and an amount of fingolimod, wherein the amounts when taken together are effective to treat the subject. Also provided are packages and pharmaceutical compositions comprising laquinimod and fingolimod for treating a subject afflicted with a neurodegenerative disease. Also provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising laquinimod for use as an add-on therapy or in combination with fingolimod, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising fingolimod for use as an add-on therapy or in combination with laquinimod, for treating said subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating a human subject afflicted with multiple sclerosis or a single clinical attack consistent with multiple sclerosis with a pharmaceutical composition comprising glatiramer acetate and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, comprising the steps of: (i) determining a genotype of the subject at a location corresponding to the location of one or more single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) selected from the group consisting of: Group 1, (ii) identifying the subject as a predicted responder to glatiramer acetate if the genotype of the subject contains one or more A alleles at the location of Group 2, one or more C alleles at the location of Group 3, one or more G alleles at the location of Group 4, or one or more T alleles at the location of kgp18432055, kgp279772, kgp3991733 or kgp7242489; and (iii) administering the pharmaceutical composition comprising glatiramer acetate and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to the subject only if the subject is identif

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for characterizing a glatiramer acetate related drug substance or drug product comprising the steps of: a) obtaining a batch of the glatiramer acetate related drug substance or drug product; b) contacting mammalian cells with an amount of the glatiramer acetate related drug substance or drug product of step a); and c) i) determining the level of expression of at least one gene selected from the group consisting of ABCF2, ABI2, ACP6, AFG3L2, ALMS1, ARPC4, CALM3, CCDC64, CD84, CDC6, CHAF1A, CLU, COX11, DLGAP1, DTX4, FAM49B, FHL1, FNTB, GYPC, HFE, IL10, LPHN1, NACA, OLAH, PATZ1, PDK1, POLI, REEP5, RPL5, RPS6KA2, SEC31A, SETBP1, SNRPA1, SYNCRIP, TNFSF9, TOMM40, TPM1, TSHZ1, TSPAN13, UBAP2, VAV3, VDAC2, and ZFAND6; ii) determining the level of expression of at least one gene selected from the group consisting of BIRC3, CCL24, CCR1, CISH, CSF1R, CX3CR1, CXCL10, HSPD1, ICAM1, IL1B, IFNGR1, IL27, IL2RG, IL7R, IL1RN, MMP1, MMP9, MMP14, PGRMC1, PRDM1, CARD15, CCL2, CCL5, CD14,

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of inducing anti-glatiramer acetate specific antibodies in a human subject afflicted with multiple sclerosis, comprising administration to the human subject of three subcutaneous injections of a 40 mg/ml dose of glatiramer acetate per week for at least 12 months, such that the level of anti-GA specific antibodies in the blood or serum of the human subject i) increases for up to about 6 months after an initial 40 mg/ml dose of glatiramer acetate of the administration is administered to the human subject; ii) increases at a greater rate during the first month after the initial 40 mg/ml dose of glatiramer acetate compared to the rate of increase after the first month to the third month after the initial 40 mg/ml dose of glatiramer acetate; iii) peaks at about 3 or about 6 months or between about 3 and about 6 months after the initial 40 mg/ml dose of glatiramer acetate; and iv) is higher than baseline at least about 12 months after the initial 40 mg/ml dose of glatiramer ac

Abstract: This invention provides a method of treating a subject afflicted with a neurodegenerative disease comprising periodic administration of an amount of laquinimod and an amount of fingolimod, wherein the amounts when taken together are effective to treat the subject. Also provided are packages and pharmaceutical compositions comprising laquinimod and fingolimod for treating a subject afflicted with a neurodegenerative disease. Also provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising laquinimod for use as an add-on therapy or in combination with fingolimod, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising fingolimod for use as an add-on therapy or in combination with laquinimod, for treating said subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating a human subject afflicted with multiple sclerosis or a single clinical attack consistent with multiple sclerosis with a pharmaceutical composition comprising glatiramer acetate and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, comprising the steps of: (i) determining a genotype of the subject at a location corresponding to the location of one or more single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) selected from the group consisting of: Group 1, (ii) identifying the subject as a predicted responder to glatiramer acetate if the genotype of the subject contains one or more A alleles at the location of Group 2, one or more C alleles at the location of Group 3, one or more G alleles at the location of Group 4, or one or more T alleles at the location of kgp18432055, kgp279772, kgp3991733 or kgp7242489; and (iii) administering the pharmaceutical composition comprising glatiramer acetate and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to the subject only if the subject is identif

Abstract: A method for delaying the onset of clinically definite multiple sclerosis in a patient at risk of developing clinically definite multiple sclerosis and retard long-term progression of multiple sclerosis and its symptoms, the method comprising periodically administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of glatiramer acetate to the patient, thereby delaying onset of clinically definite multiple sclerosis in the patient and retarding long-term progression of multiple sclerosis and its symptoms.

Abstract: A method and composition for an improved treatment of human renal osteodystrophy, comprising the administration of 6-40 mcg/d (micrograms per day) of 24,25(OH).sub.2 D.sub.3 in combination with amounts of 1-alpha(OH)D.sub. 3 or 1,25(OH).sub.2 D.sub.3 or DHT.sub.2, which will maintain in the serum of patients the calcium concentration at 10-11 mg/dl (milligrams per deciliter) and the phosphate concentration at 5.5-6.0 mg/dl (milligrams per deciliter) and the numerical multiplication product of calcium x phosphate not more than 60-65.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of 1'-ethoxy carbonyloxy ethyl esters of penicillins, wherein a compound of the formula ##STR1## in which A is phenyl, phenoxy or 4-hydroxyphenyl, B is hydrogen, an amino group or a protected amino group and Z is hydrogen or a cation selected from the group of alkali metal, tri (lower alkyl ) ammonium and tetra (lower alkyl) ammonium, is reacted with 1-bromoethyl ethyl carbonate in an organic solvent and when B is a protected amino group the protecting group is split off to yield a primary amino group.There are also provided novel compounds of the formula ##STR2## in which Ph is phenyl and R is CH.sub.3 -- or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 --.

Abstract: Novel esters of the general formula ##STR1## in which ##STR2## is the acyl residue of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound containing a carboxylic acid function. The novel esters are prepared by reacting an acide R--COOH when R is as above, with 1-haloethyl ethyl carbonate. There are also provided pharmaceutical compositions containing any of the said novel esters.

Abstract: 1'-Ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl ester of di-n-propylacetic acid, also known as valproic acid. The novel compound is prepared by reacting valproic acid with 1-haloethyl ethyl carbonate. There are also provided pharmaceutical compositions for oral administration containing the said ester.