Abstract: Embodiments of the transmission latency leveling apparatuses, methods and systems provide an electronic bidding order management infrastructure, such as a “point-of-presence,” which receives and routes electronic trading orders from different trading entities at a server via a transmission medium to create a certain amount of transmission latency before the trading orders could arrive at and be executed at electronic exchanges to reduce latency arbitrage and/or order book arbitrage that may be experienced by high frequency trading participants. A similar transmission latency may be applied to the egress transmission of market data updates issued by an electronic exchange. Other techniques for facilitating electronic trading are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a system for executing transaction requests, a received request for a transaction in an item is delayed prior to matching that request with another request for transaction in that item by a delay based on a communication delay and/or a processing delay. The communication delay represents the time required to receive updated information about the item and the processing delay represents the time required to compute an updated item price using the received updated information.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a novel system and method for TCP-to-multicast (T2M) communications. The T2M techniques may allow a client to make a single TCP connection that then fans out into communications with multiple back-end resources. Such one-to-many communications may be invisible to the client but can achieve many practical benefits.

Abstract: Embodiments of the transmission latency leveling apparatuses, methods and systems provide an electronic bidding order management infrastructure, such as a “point-of-presence,” which receives and routes electronic trading orders from different trading entities at a server via a transmission medium to create a certain amount of transmission latency before the trading orders could arrive at and be executed at electronic exchanges to reduce latency arbitrage and/or order book arbitrage that may be experienced by high frequency trading participants. A similar transmission latency may be applied to the egress transmission of market data updates issued by an electronic exchange. Other techniques for facilitating electronic trading are also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the transmission latency leveling apparatuses, methods and systems provide an electronic bidding order management infrastructure, such as a “point-of-presence,” which receives and routes electronic trading orders from different trading entities at a server via a transmission medium to create a certain amount of transmission latency before the trading orders could arrive at and be executed at electronic exchanges to reduce latency arbitrage and/or order book arbitrage that may be experienced by high frequency trading participants. A similar transmission latency may be applied to the egress transmission of market data updates issued by an electronic exchange. Other techniques for facilitating electronic trading are also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the transmission latency leveling apparatuses, methods and systems provide an electronic bidding order management infrastructure, such as a “point-of-presence,” which receives and routes electronic trading orders from different trading entities at a server via a transmission medium to create a certain amount of transmission latency before the trading orders could arrive at and be executed at electronic exchanges to reduce latency arbitrage and/or order book arbitrage that may be experienced by high frequency trading participants. A similar transmission latency may be applied to the egress transmission of market data updates issued by an electronic exchange. Other techniques for facilitating electronic trading are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a system for executing transaction requests, a received request for a transaction in an item is delayed prior to matching that request with another request for transaction in that item by a delay based on a communication delay and/or a processing delay. The communication delay represents the time required to receive updated information about the item and the processing delay represents the time required to compute an updated item price using the received updated information.

Abstract: A ratcheting hand tool (or “Hickey bar”) for bending rebar comprising a ratchet mechanism, a handle attached to the ratchet mechanism, and a Hickey bar tool head attached to the ratchet mechanism, which tool head may be a detachable.

Abstract: A ratcheting hand tool (or “Hickey bar”) for bending rebar comprising a handle attached to ratchet mechanism attached to a Hickey bar tool head. The tool head may comprise members extending upward from the base, said members defining one or more channels for receiving rebar. The tool head may be adapted for coupling with standard size ratchet drives. The tool head may be adapted for releasable attachment to standard ratchet drives similarly to typical sockets in a socket wrench set. The tool head may be manufactured from a single piece and may comprise channels machined into the piece, said channels for receiving the rebar.

Abstract: In a system for executing transaction requests, a received request for a transaction in an item is delayed prior to matching that request with another request for transaction in that item by a delay based on a communication delay and/or a processing delay. The communication delay represents the time required to receive updated information about the item and the processing delay represents the time required to compute an updated item price using the received updated information.

Abstract: Embodiments of the transmission latency leveling apparatuses, methods and systems provide an electronic bidding order management infrastructure, such as a “point-of-presence,” which receives and routes electronic trading orders from different trading entities at a server via a transmission medium to create a certain amount of transmission latency before the trading orders could arrive at and be executed at electronic exchanges to reduce latency arbitrage and/or order book arbitrage that may be experienced by high frequency trading participants. A similar transmission latency may be applied to the egress transmission of market data updates issued by an electronic exchange. Other techniques for facilitating electronic trading are also disclosed.