Abstract: This application relates to a control system and method for use in a hybrid power supply apparatus comprising a current generating device, such as a fuel cell, and an energy storage device, such as a battery. The invention ensures that the fuel cell operates in a quasi steady state mode irrespective of fluctuations in load power demands. By restricting the operation of the fuel cell to discrete steady modes with minimal state changes, the useful service life of the fuel cell is prolonged. The control scheme ensures that the current generating device will run in a near steady mode even in the presence of a dynamic load.

Abstract: This application relates to a control system and method for use in a hybrid power supply apparatus comprising a current generating device, such as a fuel cell, and an energy storage device, such as a battery. The invention ensures that the fuel cell operates in a quasi steady state mode irrespective of fluctuations in load power demands. By restricting the operation of the fuel cell to discrete steady modes with minimal state changes, the useful service life of the fuel cell is prolonged. The control scheme ensures that the current generating device will run in a near steady mode even in the presence of a dynamic load.

Abstract: A system and method for improving the performance of a hybrid power supply apparatus comprising a power generating device, such as a fuel cell, and a primary energy storage device, such as a battery. The purpose of the invention is to provide an equalization charge to the battery from a source other than the fuel cell when the battery achieves a predetermined state of charge condition, thereby avoiding the need to operate the fuel cell in a low power output mode. When the predetermined state of charge condition is detected by a controller, the fuel cell is shut-down. In one aspect of the invention the equalization charge is provided to the battery by a secondary energy storage device, such as a plurality of capacitors or secondary batteries. The predetermined state of charge condition may be satisfied, for example, when the state of charge of the battery exceeds a predetermined threshold, such as 80% of the battery's storage capacity, for a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: This application relates to a system and method for regulating the temperature of a self-contained fuel cell apparatus preferably comprising a fuel reformer. The invention maintains the various components of the fuel cell apparatus within preferred operating temperature ranges while ensuring that exhaust gases and external surfaces of the apparatus do not exceed safe temperature levels. The invention is particularly suited for self-contained hybrid power supply applications, for example for non-road electric vehicles. The various components of the apparatus are strategically configured relative to air flow paths to fully utilize the cooling capacity of the process stream and minimize parasitic loads. In some embodiments the inlet air is pre-heated to enable operation of the apparatus in low temperature environments, such as industrial freezers.