Abstract: Method and apparatus for environment protection (climate change) from toxic elements and subsidence by existing underground coal seam fires by expansion termination of these fires. The method is based on creating, on the path of or around a burning coal seam fire, a subterranean void-barrier, with non-combustible gases (or fluids) and absence of oxidiser. The void-barrier may be substantially free from combustible material. The void-barrier will prevent further expansion of the existing coal seam fire, and may be created by known methods of coal extraction in gasified form, such as Underground Coal Gasification (USG). By-products from void-barrier creation can be utilized to reduce environmental pollution and for production of useful commercial entities such as gas or liquid fuels like: petrol, diesel, jet fuel, avgas, paraffin or electrical power generation and/or chemicals like CO2 for enrichment of coal or which may be sold.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for environment protection (climate change) from toxic elements and subsidence by existing underground coal seam fires by expansion termination of these fires. The method is based on creating, on the path of or around a burning coal seam fire, a subterranean void-barrier, with non-combustible gases (or fluids) and absence of oxidiser. The void-barrier may be substantially free from combustible material. The void-barrier will prevent further expansion of the existing coal seam fire, and may be created by known methods of coal extraction in gasified form, such as Underground Coal Gasification (USG). By-products from void-barrier creation can be utilized to reduce environmental pollution and for production of useful commercial entities such as gas or liquid fuels like: petrol, diesel, jet fuel, avgas, paraffin or electrical power generation and/or chemicals like CO2 for enrichment of coal or which may be sold.

Abstract: The invention relates to dealing with an effect of ambient conditions on operation of an installation in response to a physical action. By way of example, when the installation is a measuring installation, master circuitry (12) is used in measuring a physical action. Control circuitry (32) matching the master circuitry is isolated from the physical action. The master and control circuitry, in close physical relationship, are similarly subjected to ambient conditions. An actual output and an expected output f the control circuitry are compared and a discrepancy is detected. The output of the master circuitry (12) is modified in accordance with said discrepancy, for example to compensate for the effect of the ambient conditions, or to cancel recorded n of an erroneous measurement.

Abstract: A method which determines the axle load of a vehicle consisting of measur the weight of a wheel while the vehicle is at a first angle of inclination, measuring the weight of the wheel while the vehicle is tilted at a second angle of inclination, and then calculating the axle weight from the two weight readings and the two angles. A front and rear wheel is selected in turn in order to determine both front and rear axle weights. Alternatively, there may be two different force measuring scales which detect two different force components of gravity exerted by the wheel due to the fact that the two different scales are set a different angle with respect to the road surface.