Abstract: A gas compression system includes a system inlet to receive a gas stream containing a first component and a second component, a vapor system outlet to discharge the gas stream, and a plurality of compression stages coupled in series between the system inlet and the vapor system outlet. Each of the plurality of compression stages includes a compressor, a condenser coupled to the compressor, and a gravity-independent phase separator coupled to the condenser. The compressor is configured to receive the gas stream from either the system inlet or another of the plurality of compression stages and compress the gas stream. The condenser is configured to condense the second component from the gas stream. The gravity-independent phase separator is configured to remove the second component from the gas stream and discharge the gas stream to either the system outlet or another of the plurality of compression stages.

Abstract: A system for building a gas processing apparatus includes a compressed gas source, a pressure modulator in communication with the gas source, and a chamber configured to receive a gas permeable material. The chamber is further configured with a first chamber area on one side of the material and with a second chamber area on a second side of the material. A sensor is configured to measure over time a pressure differential between the first and second chamber areas. A memory stores performance characteristic data for a plurality of gas processing apparatus. A processor converts the pressure differential to a material characteristic of the gas permeable material, and compares the material characteristic to at least one selected performance characteristic of the gas processing apparatus.

Abstract: A gas compression system includes a system inlet to receive a gas stream containing a first component and a second component, a vapor system outlet to discharge the gas stream, and a plurality of compression stages coupled in series between the system inlet and the vapor system outlet. Each of the plurality of compression stages includes a compressor, a condenser coupled to the compressor, and a gravity-independent phase separator coupled to the condenser. The compressor is configured to receive the gas stream from either the system inlet or another of the plurality of compression stages and compress the gas stream. The condenser is configured to condense the second component from the gas stream. The gravity-independent phase separator is configured to remove the second component from the gas stream and discharge the gas stream to either the system outlet or another of the plurality of compression stages.

Abstract: A cell structure is provided that is (i) capable of handling, on inner and outer surfaces, heat transfer requirements of heat exchangers and/or be a substrate for coatings for catalytic reactors, (ii) able to be easily combined and interconnected into a variety of shapes, and (iii) may be created in an additive manufacturing process. The provided cell structure may be replicated and interconnected with other cell structures to create lattice structures in a variety of shapes. Accordingly, the cell structure may be used to build a heat exchanger or catalytic reactor that has reduced weight compared to traditional architectures.

Abstract: Hydrogen production systems and methods of producing the same are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, a hydrogen production system comprises a reformer reactor that comprises a reformer reactor wall. A plurality of reformer tubes are interconnected to define a reformer lattice that has a reformer inner flow path and a reformer outer flow path. The plurality of reformer tubes are within the reformer reactor and connected to the reformer reactor wall at a plurality of discrete locations. The reformer lattice defines a combustor side that is one of the reformer inner or outer flow paths, and a reformer side that is the other of the reformer inner or outer flow paths. A reformer catalyst is positioned within the reformer side.

Abstract: A cell structure is provided that is (i) capable of handling, on inner and outer surfaces, heat transfer requirements of heat exchangers and/or be a substrate for coatings for catalytic reactors, (ii) able to be easily combined and interconnected into a variety of shapes, and (iii) may be created in an additive manufacturing process. The provided cell structure may be replicated and interconnected with other cell structures to create lattice structures in a variety of shapes. Accordingly, the cell structure may be used to build a heat exchanger or catalytic reactor that has reduced weight compared to traditional architectures.

Abstract: Hydrogen production systems and methods of producing the same are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, a hydrogen production system comprises a reformer reactor that comprises a reformer reactor wall. A plurality of reformer tubes are interconnected to define a reformer lattice that has a reformer inner flow path and a reformer outer flow path. The plurality of reformer tubes are within the reformer reactor and connected to the reformer reactor wall at a plurality of discrete locations. The reformer lattice defines a combustor side that is one of the reformer inner or outer flow paths, and a reformer side that is the other of the reformer inner or outer flow paths. A reformer catalyst is positioned within the reformer side.

Abstract: A system for building a gas processing apparatus includes a compressed gas source, a pressure modulator in communication with the gas source, and a chamber configured to receive a gas permeable material. The chamber is further configured with a first chamber area on one side of the material and with a second chamber area on a second side of the material. A sensor is configured to measure over time a pressure differential between the first and second chamber areas. A memory stores performance characteristic data for a plurality of gas processing apparatus. A processor converts the pressure differential to a material characteristic of the gas permeable material, and compares the material characteristic to at least one selected performance characteristic of the gas processing apparatus.

Abstract: A system for building a gas processing apparatus includes a compressed gas source, a pressure modulator in communication with the gas source, and a chamber configured to receive a gas permeable material. The chamber is further configured with a first chamber area on one side of the material and with a second chamber area on a second side of the material. A sensor is configured to measure over time a pressure differential between the first and second chamber areas. A memory stores performance characteristic data for a plurality of gas processing apparatus. A processor converts the pressure differential to a material characteristic of the gas permeable material, and compares the material characteristic to at least one selected performance characteristic of the gas processing apparatus.

Abstract: A system for building a gas processing apparatus includes a compressed gas source, a pressure modulator in communication with the gas source, and a chamber configured to receive a gas permeable material. The chamber is further configured with a first chamber area on one side of the material and with a second chamber area on a second side of the material. A sensor is configured to measure over time a pressure differential between the first and second chamber areas. A memory stores performance characteristic data for a plurality of gas processing apparatus. A processor converts the pressure differential to a material characteristic of the gas permeable material, and compares the material characteristic to at least one selected performance characteristic of the gas processing apparatus.

Abstract: A decontamination system useful for treating articles that have been exposed to nuclear, chemical or biological (NBC) agents may comprise a decontamination unit, a catalytic oxidation (CATOX) reactor connected to decontaminate off gases from the decontamination unit and a selector valve The selector valve may be configured to allow output gases from the CATOX reactor to pass to an exhaust during steady-state operation of the CATOX reactor and to allow said output gases to re-enter the CATOX reactor during warm-up of the CATOX reactor. Warm-up of the CATOX reactor may be quickly achieved as a result of recycling the output gases through the preheater during warm-up.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling humidification device turndown ratio for proton exchange membrane fuel cells includes a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a humidifier, a water separator for directing water vapor from the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to the humidifier, a bypass valve to regulate vapor flow into the humidifier, a turbo-compressor and control valve for regulating temperature of air flow into the humidifier, and an expansion turbine for recovery of energy from the humidifier and bypass valve.