Abstract: Authentication method and systems using RFID-enabled payment cards are disclosed herein where a server receives a request corresponding to authorization of a payment associated with a payment card from an electronic terminal. The server identifies an electronic device of a user associated with the payment card. The server then transmits an instruction to the electronic device to cause an RFID reader of the electronic device to determine whether an RFID tag corresponding to the payment card is located within a predetermined proximity to the electronic device. When the payment card is located within the predetermined proximity, the server executes a first authentication protocol. Moreover, when the payment card is not located within the predetermined proximity, the server executes a second authentication protocol, wherein the second authentication protocol is more restrictive than the first authentication protocol.

Abstract: A system according to one embodiment includes a first computing device comprising ultra-wideband communication circuitry, and a second computing device comprising ultra-wideband communication circuitry configured to communicate with the ultra-wideband communication circuitry of the first computing device to determine the angle and distance of the first computing device relative to the second computing device.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods determine the three-dimensional position and orientation of a fiducial marker and tracking the three-dimensional position and orientation across different fields-of-view. Methods include: capturing an image of a first space in which the fiducial marker is disposed with a first sensor having a first field-of-view; determining the three-dimensional location and orientation of the fiducial marker within the first space based on the image of the first space in which the fiducial marker is disposed; capturing an image of a second space in which the fiducial marker is disposed with a second sensor having a second field-of-view; calculating pan and tilt information for the second sensor to move the second field-of-view of the second sensor to acquire an image of the fiducial marker; and determining the three-dimensional location and orientation of the fiducial marker within the second space based on the image of the second space.

Abstract: A method for transferring heat from a lower temperature heat source to a higher temperature heat sink using only the energy in the heat source and heat sink. The method uses a converting material which is adapted to receive external radiation from the lower temperature heat source, absorb the external radiation exciting an element of the converting material, non-radiatively transfer heat within the converting material by relaxing an element of the converting material, and conductively transferring heat from the converting material to the exterior of the converting material, where the heat can be used for an external process or application.

Abstract: A fireplace assembly comprises a base defining a recess and an electric fireplace having wheels which are received in the recess when the fireplace is mounted on the base. The electric fireplace is removable from the base so that the fireplace can be rolled on its wheels to other locations. The base is typically configured to serve as a functional piece of furniture when the fireplace is removed.

Abstract: A fireplace assembly comprising a base defining a recess for receiving a fireplace, a fireplace releasably held within the recess, and wherein the base is a functional piece of furniture when the fireplace is removed. A method of removing and replacing a fireplace comprising the steps of providing a first base defining a recess, locating a fireplace within the recess, removing the fireplace from the first base to provide a functional piece of furniture, and locating the fireplace within the recess.

Abstract: A reflective device for use in an electric fireplace and a fireplace incorporating the same. The reflective device includes a shaft having a first and a second end cap mounted at opposite ends. An intermediate member extends outwardly from the shaft between the first and second end caps. One or more reflecting strips extend longitudinally between the first and second end caps and are spaced a distance away from the shaft. The reflecting strips are separated from each other by longitudinal gaps and are mounted so that they angle downwardly relative to the shaft from the intermediate member toward the first and second end caps. The shaft is rotated about its longitudinal axis so that it reflects light from a light source toward one of a screen, simulated ember bed and artificial log display in the fireplace housing.

Abstract: A system for providing a thermal transformer to provide heating and cooling to enclosed structures, most generally a building using solar power combined with geothermal storage and a heat powered heat pump to raise or lower the temperature of the stored energy to a useful temperature as needed. The system also has an electrical generation embodiment to provide electricity in addition to the heating and cooling. The system will collect and store solar energy and supply heated or cooled water to the building's existing HVAC system while consuming no fossil fuels and emitting no greenhouse gases. The system may also be used in one embodiment to supply power for the pumps/fans used to circulate the heated or cooled air or water throughout the building.

Abstract: A propellant ignition testing apparatus having a compressively sealable chamber. A fixed end plate assembly is fixedly mounted on a support structure. A test chamber assembly having a combustion chamber for accommodating propellant is provided, and an initiator ignites propellant accommodated in the combustion chamber. A moveable end plate is disposed adjacent to the test chamber assembly on a side thereof remote from the fixed end plate assembly. A device is mounted on the support structure for generating a compressive force, with the moveable end plate being operatively connected to a moveable component of the device for moving the moveable end plate toward the test chamber assembly for sandwiching the combustion chamber of the test chamber assembly in a compressively sealed manner between the fixed end plate assembly and the moveable end plate.

Abstract: A reflective device for use in an electric fireplace and a fireplace incorporating the same. The reflective device includes a shaft having a first and a second end cap mounted at opposite ends. An intermediate member extends outwardly from the shaft between the first and second end caps. One or more reflecting strips extend longitudinally between the first and second end caps and are spaced a distance away from the shaft. The reflecting strips are separated from each other by longitudinal gaps and are mounted so that they angle downwardly relative to the shaft from the intermediate member toward the first and second end caps. The shaft is rotated about its longitudinal axis so that it reflects light from a light source toward one of a screen, simulated ember bed and artificial log display in the fireplace housing.

Abstract: A pump for providing high volume flows with a low hydrostatic head. The pump is particularly suited for heated fluids such as those from a solar collector and the like.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a method for creating a refrigeration system comprising a piston device for the compressor and expander functions normally provided by a Carnot cycle. Solutions for modifying the overall system to utilize the pulsed nature of the piston action are provided.

Abstract: A fireplace assembly comprising a base defining a recess for receiving a fireplace, a fireplace releasably held within the recess, and wherein the base is a functional piece of furniture when the fireplace is removed. A method of removing and replacing a fireplace comprising the steps of providing a first base defining a recess, locating a fireplace within the recess, removing the fireplace from the first base to provide a functional piece of furniture, and locating the fireplace within the recess.

Abstract: A propellant ignition testing apparatus having a compressively sealable chamber. A fixed end plate assembly is fixedly mounted on a support structure. A test chamber assembly having a combustion chamber for accommodating propellant is provided, and an initiator ignites propellant accommodated in the combustion chamber. A moveable end plate is disposed adjacent to the test chamber assembly on a side thereof remote from the fixed end plate assembly. A device is mounted on the support structure for generating a compressive force, with the moveable end plate being operatively connected to a moveable component of the device for moving the moveable end plate toward the test chamber assembly for sandwiching the combustion chamber of the test chamber assembly in a compressively sealed manner between the fixed end plate assembly and the moveable end plate.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed to convert low temperature thermal energy to electricity. An example apparatus disclosed herein includes an electrical generating unit to receive heat energy to produce electricity, a concentrator including a heat engine, a liquid piston operatively coupled to the heat engine, and a heat pump operatively coupled to the liquid piston, the heat engine adapted to collect thermal energy, and the heat pump operatively coupled to the electrical generating unit to provide heat to the electrical generating unit. The example apparatus disclosed herein also includes a heat engine floating piston disposed in the heat engine, a heat pump floating piston disposed in the heat pump, and wherein the heat engine floating piston and the heat pump floating piston oscillate.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a method for creating a refrigeration system comprising a piston device for the compressor and expander functions normally provided by a Carnot cycle. Solutions for modifying the overall system to utilize the pulsed nature of the piston action are provided.