Abstract: An apparatus and method for treating diesel exhaust gases are described. The system consists of two functionalities, the first being a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst system and the second being a capture material for capturing catalyst components that have appreciable volatility under extreme exposure conditions. The SCR catalyst component is typically based on a majority phase of titania, with added minority-phase catalyst components comprising of one or more of the oxides of vanadium, silicon, tungsten, molybdenum, iron, cerium, phosphorous, copper and/or manganese vanadia. The capture material typically comprises a majority phase of high surface area oxides such as silica-stabilized titania, alumina, or stabilized alumina, for example, wherein the capture material maintains a low total fractional monolayer coverage of minority phase oxides for the duration of the extreme exposure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and processes for the production of stable, alkaline, high solids, low viscosity, low surface tension, low flammability, sub-micron titania sols that have minimal offensive odor and methods of their use. Compositions of the present invention include, for example, mixtures of strong and weak organic bases used as dispersants to stabilize the titania sols. The dispersant mixtures have been found to result in relatively high titania solids content, low surface tension, low viscosity suspensions that are low in flammability. Sols produced according to the present invention can be used, for example, in catalytic applications such as catalyst supports for diesel emission control, or in pollutant photocatalyst applications in which it is desirable to have the titania in sol form.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and processes for the production of stable, alkaline, high solids, low viscosity, low surface tension, low flammability, sub-micron titania sols that have minimal offensive odor and methods of their use. Compositions of the present invention include, for example, mixtures of strong and weak organic bases used as dispersants to stabilize the titania sols. The dispersant mixtures have been found to result in relatively high titania solids content, low surface tension, low viscosity suspensions that are low in flammability. Sols produced according to the present invention can be used, for example, in catalytic applications such as catalyst supports for diesel emission control, or in pollutant photocatalyst applications in which it is desirable to have the titania in sol form.

Abstract: The invention concerns catalysts comprising (i) a cladded catalyst support comprising (a) a core which comprises alumina particles and (b) about 1 to about 40 weight percent silica cladding, based on the weight of the cladded catalyst support, on the surface of the core; the catalyst support having a BET surface area of greater than 20 m2/g and a porosity of at least about 0.2 cc/g; and (ii) 0.1 to 10 weight percent, based on the weight of the catalyst, of catalytically active transition metal on the surface of the cladded catalyst support; wherein the catalyst support has a normalized sulfur uptake (NSU) of up to 25 ?g/m2. The invention also concerns the production and use of such catalysts.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for treating diesel exhaust gases are described. The system consists of two functionalities, the first being a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst system and the second being a capture material for capturing catalyst components such as vanadia that have appreciable volatility under extreme exposure conditions. The SCR catalyst component is typically based on a majority phase of titania, with added minority-phase catalyst components comprising of one or more of the oxides of vanadium, silicon, tungsten, molybdenum, iron, cerium, phosphorous, copper and/or manganese vanadia. The capture material typically comprises a majority phase of high surface area oxides such as silica-stabilized titania, alumina, or stabilized alumina, for example.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for treating diesel exhaust gases are described. The system consists of two functionalities, the first being a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst system and the second being a capture material for capturing catalyst components that have appreciable volatility under extreme exposure conditions. The SCR catalyst component is typically based on a majority phase of titania, with added minority-phase catalyst components comprising of one or more of the oxides of vanadium, silicon, tungsten, molybdenum, iron, cerium, phosphorous, copper and/or manganese vanadia. The capture material typically comprises a majority phase of high surface area oxides such as silica-stabilized titania, alumina, or stabilized alumina, for example, wherein the capture material maintains a low total fractional monolayer coverage of minority phase oxides for the duration of the extreme exposure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and processes for the production of stable, alkaline, high solids, low viscosity, low surface tension, low flammability, sub-micron titania sols that have minimal offensive odor and methods of their use. Compositions of the present invention include, for example, mixtures of strong and weak organic bases used as dispersants to stabilize the titania sols. The dispersant mixtures have been found to result in relatively high titania solids content, low surface tension, low viscosity suspensions that are low in flammability. Sols produced according to the present invention can be used, for example, in catalytic applications such as catalyst supports for diesel emission control, or in pollutant photocatalyst applications in which it is desirable to have the titania in sol form.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions and processes for the production of silica-stabilized ultrafine anatase titanias and which may further comprise tungsten and vanadia. The surface stabilization may be by treatment of the TiO2 particles with a low molecular weight and/or small nanoparticle form of silica such as, in preferred embodiments, a tetra(alkyl)ammonium silicate or silicic acid, which serves to efficiently maintain the anatase phase and prevent crystal growth under severe thermal and hydrothermal conditions, even in the presence of vanadia. The vanadia catalysts produced from the novel titanias have equal or improved catalytic activity for selective catalytic reduction of NOx compared to conventional vanadia supported silica-titania based catalysts. The invention is further directed to diesel emission catalytic devices comprising the novel titania-based catalyst compositions.

Abstract: Zeolite L is made from an aqueous precursor mixture that contains from 0.1 to about 10% by weight of an amorphous aluminosilicate seeding gel which does not contain zeolite L. Using this mixture zeolite L can be made in a much shorter time than with a synthesis mixture without the seeding gel, and with substantially no zeolite T impurity. When made at temperatures below about 120.degree. C the zeolite. L has a disk-shaped morphology which is substantially free of zeolite T (offretite type).

Abstract: A zeolite catalyst with improved hydrocarbon conversion comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio greater than 5 and preferably a MFI or MEL zeolite. The zeolite contains a Group VIIIA metal, preferably nickel, and it has been subjected to severe thermal or hydrothermal treatments under controlled conditions of temperature, time or steam partial pressure so as to effect an increase in the relative surface concentrations of Group VIIIA metal and aluminum. The catalyst can be used in a process for the conversion of paraffinic feedstocks to improve paraffin cracking activity, to increase the aromatic fraction in the C5 to C12 gasoline range products, to improve the calculated octane numbers of the C5 to C12 gasoline range product, and/or to improve the yield of the C5 to C12 gasoline range products.

Abstract: A catalytic process for converting low molecular weight non-aromatic compounds into higher molecular weight aromatic compounds utilizes a unique zeolite catalyst with improved hydrocarbon conversion. The catalyst is a crystalline aluminosilicate having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio greater than 5 and preferably a MFI or MEL zeolite. The zeolite contains a Group VIIIA metal, preferably nickel, and is subjected to thermal or hydrothermal treatments under controlled conditions of temperature, time or steam partial pressure so as to effect a decrease in the amount of carbon deposited as the zeolite catalyst. The catalyst can be used in a process for the conversion of light hydrocarbon feedstocks to improve aromatization activity.

Abstract: A differential amplifier includes two transistors T1 and T2 having their collectors connected through respective loads R1 and R2 to one supply line VL1, their emitters connected together and to a controllable constant current source IB which supplies a bias current Ib and which is connected between the common connection of the emitters and a return supply line VL2. The transistor bases are connected to receive a control voltage Vc. The common connection of the emitters is also connected through a by-pass resistance RB to a bias voltage source +VB. The circuit parameters are such that flow of bias current Ib will result in a small current Ir being diverted through the by-pass resistance RB instead of flowing through the transistors. This small current approximates in value to the value of any residual bias current when the curent source IB is switched off, but has a value which is negligible relative to the value of the bias current when the current source IB is switched on.

Abstract: Crystalline Group IVA metallosilicates, metallophosphates and metallophosphosilicates have a composition in terms of mole ratios of oxides in the synthesized and anhydrous state of:A(M.sub.2 O):B(XO.sub.2):C(SiO.sub.2):D(P.sub.2 O.sub.5) (I)whereinM is an alkali metal;X is a Group IVA metal such a Ti and Zr;A/B is a number from about 0.1 to about 2.0;C/B is a number from about 0 to about 3.0; andD/B is a number from about 0 to about 3.0.They are prepared by a hydrothermal process. They can be used as ion exchange materials.

Abstract: This baby stroller utilizes an inexpensive, lightweight, portable, strong, foldable frame, for use in supporting a central seat portion. The frame assembly includes two pairs of transversely connected sidewall elements comprised of two overlapped cross-struts which are pivotally connected to one another, and which can be releasably secured into a stable, rigid X configuration by the use of a simple, inexpensive, one-piece latching brace. The latching brace is fixedly secured to one cross-strut at a distance from its pivotal connection to the other cross-strut, while the non-secured portion of each latching brace is designed to make a releasable, latching connection to and with the other cross-strut. When the latching brace is latched to the cross-strut to which it is not connected, each pair of cross-struts and their associated latching brace form a stable, rigid triangle. This three-piece triangular structure is easily releasable to a pivotable, foldable configuration.